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The patients who undergo Maintenance Haemodialysis (MHD) have a high prevalence of Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM) and inflammation. Because these two conditions often occur concomitantly in the MHD patients, they have been referred to together as the Malnutrition-Inflammation Complex Syndrome (MICS) or Malnutrition- inflammation atherosclerosis, to underscore the atherosclerotic complications of this entity. MICS is also reported to correlate with a poor outcome, including a decreased quality of life, refractory anaemia and significantly greater rates of hospitalization and mortality in the MHD patients .Indeed, MICS may be the major cause of the paradoxical exposure-outcome association, which is also known as reverse epidemiology of the cardiovascular disease risk factors in the maintenance dialysis patients. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues from the dentition, which results from the infection of and the interaction of selected bacterial species with the components of the host response in disease-susceptible individuals as the haemodialysis (HD) patients. Only in recent years, did an emerging evidence link the dental infection, especially periodontitis, to an increased risk of atherosclerosis and thrombosis. In the HD patients, studies have been showing a positive link between periodontal disease and systemic inflammation on correlation between the levels of CRP and immunoglobulin G of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Recent researches have confirmed that the periodontal health is poor in haemodialysis patients and that it correlates with the markers of malnutrition and inflammation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Various modalities of treatments are available for gingival disease, but there are adverse effects of these conventional compounds. This led to the search of natural products which are highly beneficial and biocompatible. Turmeric is one such novel product obtained from plants, known for its varied medicinal value. In dentistry, it plays a role treating gingival and periodontal disease. Aim: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of oral curcuma gel in gingivitis and to assess any adverse effects of the gel. Materials and Methods: This pilot study comprises of 10 individuals with severe gingivitis. They were made to apply oral curcuma gel for a period of 21 days. The papillary bleeding index (PBI) were assessed before and after along with visual analogue scale. The obtained data was statistically analysed. Results: The data was analysed with Pearson Spearman's correlation coefficient and paired 't' test. The results were statistically significant with p<0.001. Conclusion: The gel containing curcuma longa extract was efficient in treating gingivitis by reducing its inflammatory components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dental implants have become one of the most popular and rapidly growing techniques for replacing missing teeth. While their predictability, functionality, and durability make them an attractive option for patients and clinicians alike, complications can arise at any stage from patient assessment to maintenance of therapy. Failure of dental implants not only occurs due to biological factors, like unsuccessful osseointegration or peri-implantitis but may also occur due to technical complications like, failures of implant-supported restorations relating those from the implant components, and those relating to the prosthesis. Technical problems related to implant components include abutment screw fractures and cover screw fractures. In this case report we have elucidated an adhered cover screw in an implant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim & Objective: The receptor activator of NF-kappa B ligand (RANKL) and its decoy receptor, osteoprotegerin (OPG), are the important proteins implicated in osteoclastogenesis. This study aimed to identify & quantify RANKL positive cells in gingival tissues in healthy & diseased patients & the study looks for immunohistochemical evidence of the expression of the protein in gingival tissue samples. Materials and Methods: Patients were randomly selected. Thirty subject each for (test & control). Age range of 25-55y, either sex was selected. Tissue samples were collected from Control - Healthy Gingiva & Test-Chronic Periodontitis Patients. Tissue sections were prepared. An Immunohistochemical analysis was done & cell counting was done for RANKL positive cells. Results: Immunohistochemical staining showed that RANKLpositive cells were significantly distributed in the inflammatory epithelium & connective tissue zone of diseased & non-diseased gingiva. RANKL, positive cells was increased significantly in patients with chronic periodontitis (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These findings imply that in this comparative study of gingival tissue for, RANKL positive cells, these cells were present in both healthy & chronic periodontitis samples, but number of positive cells present is significantly increased in chronic periodontitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Worldwide estimates of childhood obesity are as high as 43 million, and rates continue to increase each year. Childhood obesity is a growing problem in the present era and it causes serious consequences in the later years. In today's society, electronic media have been thoroughly integrated into the fabric of life, with television, video games, and computers being central to both work and play. While these media outlets can provide education and entertainment to children, many researches are concerned with the negative impact of electronic media on children. Objective: The current study aimed to evaluate the correlation, as to how oral hygiene and periodontal health were influenced by obesity and lifestyle factors, among pre-adolescents of ages of 9-12 years. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in schools located around Velachery, Chennai, India. A total of 426 children of age group of 9-12 years were selected. Information on their socio-economic, dietary, oral health statuses and time spent in leisure activities were assessed by using a questionnaire, followed by BMI estimation and these variables were correlated with their oral hygiene statuses. Results: The prevalence of poor oral hygiene and poor dietary habits was observed in children who spent more time in watching television, playing videogames and using computer. Good oral hygiene was observed in children who had visited dentists in the past. Conclusion: There is a strong association of lifestyle factors with oral hygiene in pre-adolescent children. Sedentary lifestyle, with more leisure activities, has a negative impact on the oral health of children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although dental implantology had evolved over number of years, many dental surgeons are unaware of the concept of immediate loading with use of titanium one-piece implants that began in the early 1960s. Although long term success have been revealed with the use of two piece implants over the period of years, many obstacles like pain, inflammation and the bacterial migration into the micro-gap of two-piece implants when they are loaded; loosening and even fractures of the internal screws when they are loaded which limits patient acceptance towards dental implants. Immediate loading of one piece implants by using provisional acrylic resin crown with minimally invasive or atraumatic, flapless surgical procedures provides a better soft tissue adhesion and seal to form a healthy collar, avoids a second stage surgical procedure and with higher patient acceptance . One-piece implant also allows a minimally invasive trans-mucosal flapless placement and limits the requirement of hard tissue grafting procedures. With all these conception, the present case report evaluated the clinical performance of a one-piece implant in a partially edentulous posterior mandible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peri-Implantitis is defined as an inflammatory reaction with the loss of the supporting bone in the tissues which surround a functioning implant. The peri-implantitis lesions are often asymptomatic and they are usually detected during the routine recall appointments. Careful probing around the teeth and the implants should be done routinely along with the radiologic evaluation during these check-up appointments. Retrograde peri-implantitis may sometimes prove even more difficult to identify, resulting in the loss of the implant. This paper presents a report of the extensive and the meticulous management of retrograde peri-implantitis and the implant being finally restored to health and the full functional status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Implant placement and restoration of compromised alveolar ridges in the aesthetic zone has always been a challenge to the oral implantologists. The use of bone expanders and bone condensers without the use of traditional drilling sequences in this scenario is becoming popular because of its predictable results. Xenograft along with Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) used as scaffold also provides growth factors to accelerate both soft and hard tissue healing as well as regeneration. The paper highlights this combined approach in the placement of implants in compromised alveolar ridges with good results. All implants were successfully restored and followed up for one year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dental implants are established alternatives for replacing missing teeth. Dental implants are artificial tooth root, positioned in the jaw bone, in order to sustain the replacement tooth or bridge. Recent advance in dental implant technology has made it more convenient, efficient and affordable for patients. In the anterior maxilla, esthetic demands not only require well-anchored implants but also sufficient soft and hard tissue in order to achieve natural looking result. Augmentation of the resorbed alveolar crest can be achieved, for example, with onlay bone grafts, membrane techniques, bone distraction and bone splitting. This report highlights the placement of implants in compromised alveolar ridges with good results. Implant was successfully restored and follow-up done for one year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]