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Introduction: Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from the Berberis aristata, has been shown to display a wide array of pharmacological activities (hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic). Aim: The present study was designed to investigate whether these pharmacological properties translate into the cardioprotective effects of Berberine in the setting of diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: Necessary approval from the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee was taken for the study. Experimental diabetes was produced with single dose of Streptozotocin (STZ): 45mg/kg ip and myocardial infarction was induced by administering Isoproterenol (ISP): 85mg/kg, sc to rats on 35th & 36th day. After the confirmation of diabetes on 7th day (>200mg/dl), Berberine (100 mg/kg) was administered orally to experimental rats from day 8 and continued for 30 days thereafter. Various anti-diabetic (Glucose, HbA1c), cardioprotective (CPK-MB), metabolic (lipid profile), safety {liver function (SGPT, kidney function (Creatinine)} and histopathological indices of injury were evaluated in Healthy Control, Diabetic Control and Berberine treated groups. Results: Administration of STZ-ISP resulted in a significant decrease in body weight (p

Introduction: Work Related Eye Injuries (WREI) constitute majority of eye injuries affecting younger age group. Trauma mainly affects people from lower socioeconomic background. People having workplace related eye injuries have an added financial burden. Challenges with respect to workplace related eye injuries include lack of occupational safety and health cover, lack of related information about pattern and exact incidence and management protocols. Aim: To study epidemiological profile, risk factors and predictors of visual outcome in occupational eye injury patients. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational/cohort study was conducted in Department of Ophthalmology, at Rajiv Gandhi Medical college and CSM Hospital, Kalva, Thane between October 2020 to February 2022. Study population included 42 patients having occupational eye injuries. After obtaining written informed consent, detailed history regarding their occupation, mode of injury and awareness and history of use of any Protective Eye Device (PED) at the time of injury was noted. Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA), detailed anterior segment examination and fundus examination was done. Ocular injury was classified as Open Globe Injury (OGI) or Closed Globe Injury (CGI) and ocular trauma scale was calculated. Patients were treated medically or surgically as indicated and followed-up next day and subsequently BCVA was noted and progress at each follow-up till six months was recorded. Factors related to good visual outcome (better or equal to 6/24) and bad visual outcome (visual acuity worse than 6/24) were identified. Continuous variables were described as the mean and variation of each observation from the mean value (Standard deviation) represented as mean±SD (analysed using independent t-test). Univariate analysis was done for identifying factors associated with bad visual outcome and p-value of

Atypical Leiomyoma with Amianthoid-like Fibers (ALWAF) is a very rare entity with a couple of cases in the literature. Amianthoid fibers are thick acellular mats composed of crystalline collagen fibers. This is an unusual case of a 53-year-old female with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), who presented with pain in the abdomen for three weeks. Computed Tomography (CT) showed a degenerated subserosal leiomyoma in the posterior wall of the uterus which had ruptured leading to haemoperitoneum. An emergency exploratory laparotomy with simple hysterectomy was done. Histopathology revealed a ruptured atypical leiomyoma with abundant amianthoid-like fibers. The patient expired seven days after surgery due to hypovolaemic shock. Rupture of the uterus in leiomyoma with amianthoid fibers has not been reported in the literature. Awareness of this entity is important in view of acute catastrophic consequences like haemoperitoneum, hypovolaemic shock, and death.

Introduction: Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) and nursing students spend a lot of time in near vision activities daily while studying. In the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) and post pandemic era, the emphasis on electronic teaching and studying has increased immensely. Students have started depending more on online studying, teaching and search for study material leading to more time being spent using electronic devices like mobile phones, tabs, Personal Computer (PC), etc. This can lead to lot of eye strain (digital eye strain) and this predisposes them to develop Non Strabismic Binocular Vision Anomalies (NSBVA) related to accommodation and convergence of eyes. Aim: To study prevalence of NSBVA and report associated ocular symptoms and association of electronic devices (mobile, laptop) use with prevalence NSBVA, in MBBS and nursing students of a teaching hospital in Western Maharashtra. Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional observational study conducted between November 2020 to April 2021 at Rajiv Gandhi Medical College and CSM Hospital, Thane, Maharashtra, India. In this study, a total of 110 students including both MBBS and nursing students from all academic years of the hospital were examined for a comprehensive ophthalmic examination and complete binocular vision assessment. The prevalence of NSBVA, associated ocular symptoms, prevalence of refractive errors and duration of electronic device use in the students was documented. Student’s t-test was used to compare the total daily duration of electronic devices (mobile, laptop, computer tablets) use between students with and without NSBVA. Chi-square test was used to find association of variables duration of electronic device use and occurrence of NSBVA. Results: Out of 110 students examined, there were 37.27% (n=41) were males and 62.72% (n=69) females. Age range was 18-30 years with mean age 21.85±2.67 years. Overall, 47 (42.72%) students had NSBVA including 34 MBBS and 13 nursing students. 12 (11%) students had ocular symptoms with NSBVA while 35 (31.8%) students had NSBVA without any ocular symptom. Eye strain was the most common ocular symptom. Average electronic device use was 4.53 hours/day. Most used electronic device was mobile phone. There was no association between NSBVA and electronic device use. Conclusion: The NSBVA is highly prevalent among MBBS and nursing students. Ocular symptoms are absent in many students with NSBVA which may lead to delayed diagnosis and worsening of ocular symptoms due to NSBVA. Older age group of students have higher prevalence of NSBVA. Electronic device exposure is not significantly associated with NSBVA in these students. Screening of such at risk population is important for timely diagnosis and treatment of NSBVA.