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Introduction: External Apical Root Resorption (EARR) is characterized by loss of the superficial layer of cells that protect the tooth root. Although many studies have estimated EARR, very few studies have examined permanent teeth from central incisor to first molar with adequate radiographic techniques like Computed Tomographs (CT) as used in the present study. Aim: To investigate the prevalence and degree of orthodontically induced EARR with fixed appliances from central incisor to first molar in permanent teeth after en-masse retraction using Dentascan. Materials and Methods: All patients had Class I malocclusion with dentoalveolar protrusion and minimum crowding (

Introduction: Knowledge about the Shear Bond Strength (SBS) of ceramic brackets with different base design is essential as it affects bond strength to enamel. Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the effect of base designs of different ceramic brackets on SBS, and to determine the fracture site after debonding. Materials and Methods: Four groups of ceramic brackets and one group of metal brackets with different base designs were used. Adhesive precoated base of Clarity Advanced (APC Flash-free) (Unitek/3M, Monrovia, California), microcrystalline base of Clarity Advanced (Unitek/3M, Monrovia, California), polymer mesh base of InVu (TP Orthodontics, Inc., La Porte, IN, United States), patented bead ball base of Inspire Ice (Ormco, Glendora, California), and a mechanical mesh base of Gemini Metal bracket (Unitek/3M, Monrovia, California). Ten brackets of each type were bonded to 50 maxillary premolars with Transbond XT (Unitek/3M). Samples were stored in distilled water at room temperature for 24 hours and subsequently tested in shear mode on a universal testing machine (Model 3382; Instron Corp., Canton, Massachusetts, USA) at a cross head speed of 1mm/minute with the help of a chisel. The debonded interface was recorded and analyzed to determine the predominant bond failure site under an optical microscope (Stereomicroscope) at 10X magnification. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare SBS. Tukey’s significant differences tests were used for post-hoc comparisons. The Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) scores were compared by chi-square test. Results: Mean SBS of microcrystalline base (27.26±1.73), was the highest followed by bead ball base (23.45±5.09), adhesive precoated base (20.13±5.20), polymer mesh base (17.54±1.91), and mechanical mesh base (17.50±2.41) the least. Comparing the frequency (%) of ARI Score among the groups, chi-square test showed significantly different ARI scores among the groups (χ2 = 34.07, p

Introduction: Corticotomy is an effective method of accelerating the orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to compare the treatment time for the extraction space closure, between corticotomy assisted and conventional orthodontic tooth movement and to check the alveolar bone thickness before and after corticotomy procedure in the corticotomy group. Settings and Design: Cross-sectional clinical study. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients (age>15 y) requiring orthodontic treatment with upper anterior retraction in the extraction space of 1st premolar were selected and were randomised into control and corticotomy group each group consisted of 10 subjects. Pre retraction, corticotomy was performed in the maxillary anterior segment. The pre and post retraction CT scans were recorded and the thickness of the alveolar plates were measured at crestal level (S1), mid root level (S2) and apical level (S3) PreTreatment (T1). The same measurements were repeated after incisor retraction was completed PostTreatment (T2). Statistical Analysis: Student’s t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: There was a significant difference in retraction time (days) between control and corticotomy groups (p