1. Seasonal coronavirus–specific B cells with limited SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactivity dominate the IgG response in severe COVID-19
- Author
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Muriel Aguilar-Bretones, Barry Rockx, Rory D. de Vries, Diederik Gommers, Erwin de Bruin, Thomas Langerak, Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel, Brenda M. Westerhuis, Henrik Endeman, Ron A. M. Fouchier, Johannes P. C. van den Akker, Marion Koopmans, Gijsbert P. van Nierop, Matthijs P. Raadsen, Felicity D. Chandler, Bart L. Haagmans, Nisreen M.A. Okba, Eric C. M. van Gorp, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Virology, and Intensive Care
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,viruses ,Heterologous ,Biology ,Cross Reactions ,medicine.disease_cause ,Antibodies, Viral ,Cross-reactivity ,Severity of Illness Index ,Neutralization ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Antigen ,Immunity ,Antibody Specificity ,medicine ,Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins ,Humans ,Longitudinal Studies ,Original antigenic sin ,Pandemics ,030304 developmental biology ,Coronavirus ,Aged ,0303 health sciences ,B-Lymphocytes ,Host Microbial Interactions ,SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID-19 ,virus diseases ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Phosphoproteins ,Virology ,Antibodies, Neutralizing ,3. Good health ,respiratory tract diseases ,Case-Control Studies ,Immunoglobulin G ,Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ,biology.protein ,Female ,Seasons ,Antibody ,Coronavirus Infections ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Research Article - Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Little is known about the interplay between preexisting immunity to endemic seasonal coronaviruses and the development of a SARS-CoV-2–specific IgG response. We investigated the kinetics, breadth, magnitude, and level of cross-reactivity of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and heterologous seasonal and epidemic coronaviruses at the clonal level in patients with mild or severe COVID-19 as well as in disease control patients. We assessed antibody reactivity to nucleocapsid and spike antigens and correlated this IgG response to SARS-CoV-2 neutralization. Patients with COVID-19 mounted a mostly type-specific SARS-CoV-2 response. Additionally, IgG clones directed against a seasonal coronavirus were boosted in patients with severe COVID-19. These boosted clones showed limited cross-reactivity and did not neutralize SARS-CoV-2. These findings indicate a boost of poorly protective CoV-specific antibodies in patients with COVID-19 that correlated with disease severity, revealing “original antigenic sin.”
- Published
- 2021
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