1. Identification of SARS-CoV-2–specific immune alterations in acutely ill patients
- Author
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Guillaume Beaudoin-Bussières, Alexandre Prat, Antoine P. Fournier, Boaz Lahav, Renaud Balthazard, Daniel Kaufmann, Florent Lemaître, Abdelali Filali-Mouhim, Jonathan Richard, Lyne Bourbonnière, Yves Carpentier Solorio, Marc Charabati, Mehdi Benlarbi, Camille Grasmuck, Sai Priya Anand, Hélène Jamann, Nathalie Arbour, Michaël Chassé, Jade Descôteaux-Dinelle, Jérémie Prévost, Elizabeth Gowing, Nathalie Brassard, Victoria Hannah Mamane, Romain Gasser, Madeleine Durand, Ana Carmena Moratalla, Andrés Finzi, Annemarie Laumaea, Nicolas Chomont, Rose Marie Rébillard, Guillaume Goyette, Catherine Larochelle, Olivier Tastet, Negar Farzam-Kia, Marianne Boutin, Karine Thai, Jean François Cailhier, and Audrey Daigneault
- Subjects
Adult ,CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ,Male ,Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]/Neurosciences [q-bio.NC] ,Myeloid ,Neutrophils ,viruses ,B-Lymphocyte Subsets ,Disease ,CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ,CD38 ,Lymphocyte Activation ,medicine.disease_cause ,Severity of Illness Index ,Monocytes ,Cohort Studies ,Immune system ,Risk Factors ,Leukocytes ,medicine ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Pandemics ,ALCAM ,Aged ,Innate immune system ,SARS-CoV-2 ,business.industry ,fungi ,Models, Immunological ,Quebec ,COVID-19 ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,Immune dysregulation ,Prognosis ,Acquired immune system ,Hospitalization ,body regions ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Case-Control Studies ,Acute Disease ,Multivariate Analysis ,Immunology ,Female ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Dysregulated immune profiles have been described in symptomatic patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Whether the reported immune alterations are specific to SARS-CoV-2 infection or also triggered by other acute illnesses remains unclear. We performed flow cytometry analysis on fresh peripheral blood from a consecutive cohort of (a) patients hospitalized with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, (b) patients of comparable age and sex hospitalized for another acute disease (SARS-CoV-2 negative), and (c) healthy controls. Using both data-driven and hypothesis-driven analyses, we found several dysregulations in immune cell subsets (e.g., decreased proportion of T cells) that were similarly associated with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and non–COVID-19-related acute illnesses. In contrast, we identified specific differences in myeloid and lymphocyte subsets that were associated with SARS-CoV-2 status (e.g., elevated proportion of ICAM-1(+) mature/activated neutrophils, ALCAM(+) monocytes, and CD38(+)CD8(+) T cells). A subset of SARS-CoV-2–specific immune alterations correlated with disease severity, disease outcome at 30 days, and mortality. Our data provide an understanding of the immune dysregulation specifically associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection among acute care hospitalized patients. Our study lays the foundation for the development of specific biomarkers to stratify SARS-CoV-2–positive patients at risk of unfavorable outcomes and to uncover candidate molecules to investigate from a therapeutic perspective.
- Published
- 2021