Search

Aim We investigated the association between the Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans serotypes, periodontal status and coronary artery disease (CAD). Materials and methods The study population included 497 patients who underwent coronary angiography, and clinical oral examination. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays were designed to identify the serotypes from saliva samples. Results Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans serotype frequencies were as follows: serotype "c" 35.7%, "b" 28.6%, "a" 26.2%, "e" 7.1%, "d" 2.4% and "f" 0%. The subjects with a detectable serotype had less teeth and higher bleeding on probing than those with no serotype. Serotypes "b" and "c" associated with periodontal probing depths and periodontal inflammatory burden. The saliva and subgingival bacterium quantities and serum antibody levels against A. actinomycetemcomitans were highest in patients harbouring serotype "c." Serotypes "b" and "c" were most frequent (59.3%) in patients with CAD (p = .040), and they associated with the risk of stable CAD with an odds ratio of 2.67 (95% confidence interval 1.06-7.44). Also, the severity of CAD (p = .018) associated with serotypes "b" and "c." Conclusions Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans serotypes "b" and "c" associate with both periodontal and CAD status. Detectable serotypes associate with the quantity and the serology of the bacterium emphasizing both local and systemic effect of the A. actinomycetemcomitans serotypes.

Aim We aimed to study how lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in saliva and serum associates with each other, periodontal microbial burden, periodontitis and coronary artery disease (CAD). Materials and methods The used Parogene cohort comprised N = 505 Finnish adults. Coronary diagnosis was acquired by coronary angiography, and the main outcomes were as follows: no significant CAD (n = 123), stable CAD (n = 184) and acute coronary syndrome (n = 169). Periodontitis was defined according to clinical and radiographic examinations. Levels for 75 strains of subgingival bacteria were determined by checkerboard DNA–DNA hybridization. Saliva and serum LPS activity was analysed by Limulus amebocyte lysate assay. Results The level of 11 bacterial strains, which were mainly oral and respiratory Gram-negative species, associated with salivary LPS levels in an age- and gender-adjusted linear regression. A total of 4.9% of the serum LPS, that is endotoxemia, variation was explainable by saliva LPS among patients with periodontitis (n = 247, R2 = .049, Pearson's r = .222, p

AIM Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, MMP-9, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and myeloperoxidase (MPO) participate in extracellular matrix breakdown both in periodontium and atherosclerotic plaques. We investigated the diagnostic value of serum and saliva biomarkers in periodontitis and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). MATERIALS AND METHODS The population was PAROGENE (n = 481), a random cohort of patients with an indication for coronary angiography. All patients underwent a clinical and radiographic oral examination. Groups consisting of periodontitis versus non-periodontitis, and ACS versus non-ACS patients were compared. RESULTS Saliva MMP-8, MMP-9 and MPO provided significant area-under-curve (AUC) values for periodontitis, 0.69 (

Aim Chronic periodontitis has an episodic and multifactorial character, with fluctuations in bacterial burden, inflammatory response, and tissue destruction. We investigated the association of selected salivary biomarkers with periodontal parameters and validated the use of a novel salivary diagnostic approach, the cumulative risk score (CRS), in detection of periodontitis in subjects with angiographically verified coronary artery disease diagnosis. Materials and methods The concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, interleukin (IL)-1β, and Porphyromonas gingivalis were analysed from saliva of 493 subjects. The subjects participated in a detailed clinical and radiographic oral examination. The CRS index, combining the three salivary biomarkers, was calculated for each subject. Results High salivary concentrations of MMP-8, IL-1β, and P. gingivalis were associated with deepened periodontal pockets and alveolar bone loss, and MMP-8 and IL-1β with bleeding on probing. The CRS index had a stronger association with moderate to severe periodontitis (OR 6.13; 95% CI 3.11-12.09) than any of the markers alone. Conclusions Salivary concentrations of MMP-8, IL-1β, and P. gingivalis are associated with various clinical and radiographic measures of periodontitis. The CRS index, combining the three salivary biomarkers, is associated with periodontitis more strongly than any of the markers alone regardless of the coronary artery disease status of the patients.

We investigated the association between angiographically verified coronary artery disease (CAD) and subgingival Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola.The cross-sectional study population (n = 445) comprised 171 (38.4%) patients with Stable CAD, 158 (35.5%) with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and 116 (26.1%) with no significant CAD (No CAD). All patients participated in clinical and radiological oral health examinations. Pooled subgingival bacterial samples were analysed by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization assays.In all study groups, the presence of P. gingivalis, T. forsythia and T. denticola indicated a significant (p ≤ 0.001) linear association with the extent of alveolar bone loss (ABL), but A. actinomycetemcomitans did not (p = 0.074). With a threshold level of bacterial cells 1 × 10(5) A. actinomycetemcomitans was significantly more prevalent in the Stable CAD group (42.1%) compared to the No CAD group (30.2%) (p = 0.040). In a multi-adjusted logistic regression analysis using this threshold, A. actinomycetemcomitans positivity associated with Stable CAD (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.00-3.35, p = 0.049), but its level or levels of other bacteria did not.The presence of subgingival A. actinomycetemcomitans associates with an almost twofold risk of Stable CAD independently of alveolar bone loss.

INTRODUCTION We investigated the association of periodontitis and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) as verified using coronary angiography. MATERIAL AND METHODS Participants were recruited among those attending coronary angiography at Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland, in 2007 and 2008. Detailed clinical periodontal examination [number of teeth, bleeding on probing, periodontal probing depth (PPD)] and oral panoramic radiographs [alveolar bone loss (ABL), angular bone defects] were performed. RESULTS Of 506 patients, 123 (24.3%) had no significant CAD, whereas 184 (36.4%) had stable CAD and 169 (33.4%) acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Both stable CAD and ACS were associated with 8-17 missing teeth with ORs 4.33 (1.61-11.7, p = 0.020) and 5.24 (1.90-14.5, p = 0.014), and more than seven teeth with PPD ≥6 mm with ORs 2.44 (1.01-6.07, p = 0.049) and 2.75 (1.16-6.53, p = 0.022) respectively. Severe ABL was associated with ACS with an OR 5.39 (1.23-23.6, p = 0.025). Number of stenosed arteries was linearly associated with ABL (p for trend