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We report for the first time the application of ·H for electrocatalytic N 2 reduction reaction (NRR). ·H from H 2 O can effectively lower the reaction energy barrier, and inhibit HER in electrocatalytic NRR, which expect also be used in other electrocatalytic fields where water is involved as well. [Display omitted] • ·H is applied for the first time in the fields of NRR. • This catalyst achieves the high ammonia yield of 100.7 ug h−1 mg cat −1 with ·H. • The in situ FTIR/ESR/DFT show that ·H from H 2 O effectively lowered the reaction energy barrie and inhibits HER. Nowadays, most reported ammonia (NH 3) yields and Faradaic efficiency (FE) of electrocatalysts are very low in the field of electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reactions (NRR). Here, we are reported ·H for the first time in the field of electrocatalytic NRR, which are generated by sulfite (SO 3 2−) and H 2 O in electrolyte solutions upon exposure to UV light. The high NH 3 yields can achieve 100.7 μg h−1 mg cat −1, while stability can achieve 64 h and the FE can achieve 27.1% at −0.3 V (vs. RHE) with UV irradiation. In situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), electron spin resonance (ESR), density functional theory (DFT) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) tests showed that the ∙H effectively lowered the reaction energy barrier at each step of the NRR process and inhibits the occurrence of competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). This explores the path and provides ideas for the field of electrocatalysis involving water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] It remains a huge challenge to develop methanol oxidation electrocatalysts with remarkable catalytic activity and anti-CO poisoning capability. Herein, PtIrNi and PtIrCo jagged nanowires are successfully synthesized via a facile wet-chemical approach. Pt and Ir components are concentrated in the exterior and Ni is concentrated in the interior of PtIrNi jagged nanowires, while PtIrCo jagged nanowires feature the homogeneous distribution of constituent metals. The PtIrNi and PtIrCo jagged nanowires exhibit mass activities of 1.88 A/mg Pt and 1.85 A/mg Pt , respectively, 3.24 and 3.19 times higher than that of commercial Pt/C (0.58 A/mg Pt). In-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicates that CO 2 was formed at a very low potential for both nanowires, in line with the high ratio of forward current density to backward current density for PtIrNi jagged nanowires (1.30) and PtIrCo jagged nanowires (1.46) relative to Pt/C (0.76). Also, the CO stripping and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results substantiate the remarkable CO tolerance of the jagged nanowires. Besides, the two jagged nanowires possess exceptional activities toward ethanol and ethylene glycol oxidation reactions. This work provides a novel line of thought in terms of rational design of alcohol oxidation electrocatalysts with distinctive nanostructures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Achieving rapid anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) kinetics and improving the stability of the corresponding ruthenium (Ru)-based catalysts is a current priority for the realisation of industrial water splitting. However, the activity and stability of O 2 evolution in electrocatalysis are largely inhibited by the insufficient adsorption of the reactant H 2 O and too strong adsorption of the intermediate OOH*, as well as by the dissolution of the active site due to excessive oxidation. To solve this challenge, herein, we developed a regulatory strategy combining lanthanide oxides and metal oxidative reconfiguration. The introduction of Eu 2 O 3 effectively promotes the adsorption of H 2 O, optimizes the adsorption energy of OOH*, and reduces the reaction energy barrier of acidic OER process. And the metal oxidation remodeling process exposed more active sites and prevented the peroxidation process. The optimized Ru/Eu 2 O 3 @CNT catalyst showed the highest catalytic activity and stability in acidic OER. Its mass activity was 1219.1 A g Ru −1 and the TOF value reached 4.4 s−1 at 1.48 V. Additionally, Ru/Eu 2 O 3 @CNT after oxidative reconstruction demonstrates the industrially needed current density of 1.0 A cm−2 at 1.71 V in PEM electrolyser, achieving stability in excess of 200 h. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]