1. Universality and asymptotics of graph counting problems in non-orientable surfaces
- Author
-
Stavros Garoufalidis and Marcos Mariòo
- Subjects
Instantons ,Cubic ribbon graphs ,01 natural sciences ,Theoretical Computer Science ,Stokes constants ,Quartic function ,0103 physical sciences ,Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics ,Symmetric matrix ,ddc:510 ,0101 mathematics ,Matrix models ,Riemann–Hilbert method ,Mathematics ,Non-orientable surfaces ,Discrete mathematics ,Conjecture ,Formal power series ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Double-scaling limit ,010102 general mathematics ,Borel transform ,Painlevé I asymptotics ,Quadrangulations ,Scaling limit ,Computational Theory and Mathematics ,Counting problem ,Trans-series ,Rooted maps ,Projective plane ,Asymptotic expansion - Abstract
Bender–Canfield showed that a plethora of graph counting problems in orientable/non-orientable surfaces involve two constants tg and pg for the orientable and the non-orientable case, respectively. T.T.Q. Le and the authors recently discovered a hidden relation between the sequence tg and a formal power series solution u(z) of the Painlevé I equation which, among other things, allows to give exact asymptotic expansion of tg to all orders in 1/g for large g. The paper introduces a formal power series solution v(z) of a Riccati equation, gives a non-linear recursion for its coefficients and an exact asymptotic expansion to all orders in g for large g, using the theory of Borel transforms. In addition, we conjecture a precise relation between the sequence pg and v(z). Our conjecture is motivated by the enumerative aspects of a quartic matrix model for real symmetric matrices, and the analytic properties of its double scaling limit. In particular, the matrix model provides a computation of the number of rooted quadrangulations in the 2-dimensional projective plane. Our conjecture implies analyticity of the O(N)- and Sp(N)-types of free energy of an arbitrary closed 3-manifold in a neighborhood of zero. Finally, we give a matrix model calculation of the Stokes constants, pose several problems that can be answered by the Riemann–Hilbert approach, and provide ample numerical evidence for our results.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF