1. Meta-analysis of global and high throughput public gene array data for robust vascular gene expression discovery in chronic rhinosinusitis: Implications in controlled release
- Author
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Abigail Pulsipher, Hamidreza Ghandehari, Jeremiah A. Alt, and Nitish Khurana
- Subjects
Angiogenesis ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Gene Expression ,Inflammation ,Context (language use) ,Vascular permeability ,Blood vessel morphogenesis ,02 engineering and technology ,Bioinformatics ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,medicine ,Humans ,Sinusitis ,030304 developmental biology ,Rhinitis ,0303 health sciences ,business.industry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Targeted drug delivery ,Delayed-Action Preparations ,Chronic Disease ,medicine.symptom ,DNA microarray ,Signal transduction ,0210 nano-technology ,business - Abstract
Background Chronic inflammation is known to cause alterations in vascular homeostasis that directly affects blood vessel morphogenesis, angiogenesis, and tissue permeability. These phenomena have been investigated and exploited for targeted drug delivery applications in the context of cancers and other disease processes. Vascular pathophysiology and its associated genes and signaling pathways, however, have not been systematically investigated in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Understanding the interplay between key vascular signaling pathways and top biomarkers associated with CRS may facilitate the development of new targeted delivery strategies and treatment paradigms. Herein, we report findings from a gene meta-analysis to identify key vascular pathways and top genes involved in CRS. Methods Proprietary software (Illumina BaseSpace Correlation Engine) and open-access data sets were used to perform a gene meta-analysis to systematically determine significant differences between key vascular biomarkers and vascular signaling pathways expressed in sinonasal tissue biopsies of controls and patients with CRS. Results Thirteen studies were initially identified, and then reduced to five after applying exclusion principle algorithms. Genes associated with vasculature development and blood vessel morphogenesis signaling pathways were identified to be overexpressed among the top 15 signaling pathways. Out of many significantly upregulated genes, the levels of pro angiogenic genes such as early growth response (EGR3), platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM1) and L-selectin (SELL) were particularly significant in patients with CRS compared to controls. Discussion Key vascular biomarkers and signaling pathways were significantly overexpressed in patients with CRS compared to controls, suggesting a contribution of vascular dysfunction in CRS pathophysiology. Vascular dysregulation and permeability may afford opportunities to develop drug delivery systems to improve efficacy and reduce toxicity of CRS treatment.
- Published
- 2020