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A new ligand ITAP and its complex [Ru(dmb)2(ITAP)](ClO4)2 (ITAP = isatino [1,2-b]-1,4,8, 9-tetraazatriphenylene, dmb = 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, Fast atom bombardment mass spectra, Electrospray mass spectra, and 1H NMR. Thermal denaturation and absorption titration experiments show the complex binds to calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) with moderate affinities. Viscosity measurements and thermal denaturation indicate that the DNA-binding mode could be intercalative interaction. The Ru(II) complex in the presence of plasmid pBR322 DNA has been found to promote the cleavage of plasmid pBR322 DNA from the supercoiled Form I to the open circular Form II upon irradiation. Mechanisms for DNA cleavage by the complex were also investigated.

Two Ru(II) complexes [Ru(dmb)2(dtmi)](ClO4)2 (1) (dmb = 4, 4′-dimethyl-2, 2′-bipyridine, dtmi = 3-(pyrazin-2-yl)-as-triazino[5, 6-f]-5-methoxylisatin) and [Ru(dmb)2(dtni)](ClO4)2 (2) (dtni = 3-(pyrazin-2-yl)-as-triazino[5, 6-f]-5-nitroisatin) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, ES-MS, and 1H NMR. DNA-binding behaviors of these complexes have been investigated by spectroscopic titration, viscosity measurements, and thermal denaturation. The results indicate that the two complexes interact with calf thymus DNA by intercalation.

Two polypyridine ruthenium(II) complexes, [Ru(dmp)2(MCMIP)]2+ (1) (MCMIP = 2-(6-methyl-3-chromonyl)imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]-phenanthroline, dmp = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline) and [Ru(dmb)2(MCMIP)]2+ (2) (dmb = 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine), have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, ES-MS and 1H NMR. The DNA-binding behaviors of these complexes were investigated by electronic absorption titration, fluorescence spectroscopy, viscosity measurements and thermal denaturation. The results show that 1 and 2 effectively bind to CT-DNA; the DNA-binding affinities are closely related to the ancillary ligand.

The perchlorate salts of two new ruthenium(II) complexes incorporating 2-(2′-pyridyl)naphthoimidazole are synthesized in good yield. Complexes [Ru(phen)2(PYNI)]2+ (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) 1 and [Ru(dmp)2(PYNI)]2+ (dmp = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, PYNI = 2-(2′-pyridyl)naphthoimidazole) 2 are fully characterized by elemental analysis, FAB-MS, ES-MS, 1H NMR and cyclic voltammetric methods. The DNA-binding behavior of the complexes have been studied by spectroscopic titration, viscosity measurements and thermal denaturation. Absorption titration and thermal denaturation studies reveal that these complexes are moderately strong binders of calf-thymus DNA (CT-DNA), with their binding constants spanning the range (2.73–5.35) × 104 M−1. The experimental results show that 1 interacts with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) by intercalative mode, while 2 binds to CT-DNA by partial intercalation.