Search

Syringomas are benign adnexal neoplasms that may induce psychological stress when they are large or disfiguring or present in delicate regions such as the periorbital area. Despite the availability of various lasers for syringomas, no consensus has been established on the optimal laser setting and side effects of these therapies. The current review aims at understanding the efficacy and safety of various laser therapies available for the treatment of syringomas. A literature search was carried out using PubMed and Ovid databases for articles published from Jan 2000 through Mar 2022. Screening the eligible articles yielded 27 studies, comprising clinical studies, case series, and case reports, which were included in this review. The CO 2 laser is the most widely used ablative laser therapy but is usually associated with adverse events. Pinhole and multiple drilling methods using CO 2 laser yielded excellent cosmetic results with minimal adverse effects. Fractional lasers reduced the downtime and complications compared to non-fractionated ones. Non-ablative fractional lasers could be advantageous in terms of easy operation, minimal side effects and moderate recovery period compared with ablative lasers. Large clinical trials are needed to generate strong evidence to guide clinicians in choosing the most appropriate laser therapy for syringoma treatment.

Introduction: Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) is a rare malignant cutaneous neoplasm presenting as a slow-growing, indurated nodule, papule or plaque. Clinically, the lesion can blend into the surrounding skin, obscuring borders and consequently delaying diagnosis histologically. Surgical and histologic techniques that emphasize examination of all margins may optimize management through early diagnosis and prevention of recurrences., Objective: This review aims to assess the current surgical and histology techniques that result in lower rates of tumor recurrence and, consequently, better clinical outcomes., Methods: A literature search of the PubMed database was conducted to identify studies examining wide local excision (WLE), Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS), radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy in the treatment of MAC., Results: WLE had a high likelihood of positive margins and local recurrence. MMS was found to have the lowest recurrence rates. Definitive RT could be considered for elderly patients or those who are poor surgical candidates, as large surgical defects may be required to obtain free margins with either WLE or MMS. Chemotherapy was found to be ineffective., Conclusion: Complete margin evaluation with MMS permits complete tumor removal with subsequently low recurrence rate.