Zircon U-Pb dating, Lu-Hf isotopic and geochemical data for the Silurian rhyolites from the Loei fold belt are presented to constrain their petrogenesis and tectonic settings. The rhyolites give a weighted mean Pb/U age of 423.7±2.7 Ma, and are characterized by high SiO, AlO, KO and low MnO, MgO and PO. All samples are enriched in LILEs (e.g., Ba, K, Pb) and LREEs and depleted in HFSEs (e.g., Nb, Ta, Ti) with obvious negative Eu-anomalies (dEu=0.56-0.63). The calc-alkaline rhyolites are typical arc-related rocks. The Loei rhyolites have high A/CNK ratios (1.19-1.34) and positive ε( t) (4.03-5.38), which can be interpreted as partial melting of juvenile crustal materials followed by multistage melting and differentiation, similar to highly fractional I-type rocks. Combined with regional geological surveys, the Loei rhyolites should be formed in a volcanic arc environment and may be in contact with the Truong Son fold belt during the Early Paleozoic. Moreover, the Simao Block might be in contiguity with the Indochina Block during Silurian. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]