Search

Oxygen incorporation is investigated as a strategy to improve heterojunction of CZTSSe solar cell. 12.04% PCE has been achieved due to the suppressed defects and optimized carrier collection.

A surface defects ordering structure is established in CZTSSe system via local substitution of Cu by Ag to suppress disordered CuZndefects and generate benign n-type ZnAgdonors.

Exploring the relationship between high-valent iron content and current intensity of NiFe0.2-OxHyduring oxygen evolution reaction by operando57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy.

Although silver (Ag) substitution offers several benefits in eliminating bulk defects and facilitating interface type inversion for Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4(CZTSSe) photovoltaic (PV) technology, its further development is still hindered by the fairly low electrical conductivity due to the significant decrease of acceptors amount. In this work, a versatile Li–Ag co-doping strategy is demonstrated to mitigate the poor electrical conductivity arising from Ag through direct incorporating Li via postdeposition treatment (PDT) on top of the Ag-substituted CZTSSe absorber. Depth characterizations demonstrate that Li incorporation increases p-type carrier concentration, improves the carrier collection within the bulk, reduces the defects energy level as well as inverts the electric field polarity at grain boundaries (GBs) for Ag-substituted CZTSSe system. Benefiting from this lithium-assisted complex engineering of electrical performance both in grain interior (GI) and GBs, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) is finally increased from 9.21% to 10.29%. This systematic study represents an effective way to overcome the challenges encountered in Ag substitution, and these findings support a new aspect that the synergistic effects of double cation dopant will further pave the way for the development of high efficiency kesterite PV technology.