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As digital economy develops, its impact on green innovation and energy efficiency has become the focus of current research. To explore the impact of the current development of the digital economy on the energy industry, this paper selects the parameter of green innovation resilience, analyzes the impact mechanism of green innovation resilience on energy efficiency under the shock of digital economic development, and uses relevant data from 284 cities in China from 2011 to 2019 for empirical testing. It is found that: green innovation resilience promotes energy efficiency; low level of green innovation resilience inhibits the improvement of energy efficiency, while high level of resilience promotes energy efficiency; the initial stage of digital economic development generates resource grabbing and the effect of technological constraints, which weakens the role of green innovation resilience in promoting energy efficiency. The results indicate that the resilience of the green innovation system should be strengthened in order to fully tap the potential for promoting energy efficiency; the policy orientation of "digital greening—energy efficient" should be pursued in the development of digital economy; the rational allocation of resources and the implementation of green standards should be strengthened in the process of digital economic development; and the constraints on energy efficiency improvement in the early stage of digital economic development should be broken through by accelerating the digitalization process. • Green innovation resilience can promote energy efficiency. • Early digital economy development can lead to resource grabbing and technology constraints effects. • Pursuing the policy orientation of "digital greening—energy efficient". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on the ability of environmental regulations to achieve an innovation-offset effect by increasing clean energy use is required. This study aims to verify this by analysing the impact of market-incentive environmental regulation on enterprises' clean energy consumption. Using China's sulfur dioxide (SO 2) emission trading system (ETS) for 2007 as a quasi-natural experiment, the difference-in-differences model and data obtained from the Chinese Industrial Enterprises Database and Chinese Industrial Enterprises Pollution Database were used to determine whether an ETS affects enterprises' clean energy consumption. The results show that an ETS encourages enterprises to utilise clean energy and has a significantly positive impact on enterprises' clean energy consumption. Moreover, this study finds that an ETS promotes clean energy consumption by improving the production of enterprises. This study verifies the rationality of China's SO 2 ETS design. • This paper is the first to examine the impact of emission trading system (ETS) on enterprises' clean energy consumption. • We adopt the difference-in-differences model in the empirical section. • The ETS increases enterprise's clean energy consumption. • The improvement of enterprises' production structure is an important mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]