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AbstractExtracts of Melaleuca cajuputiwere obtained by supercritical (carbon dioxide) extraction and solvent (hexane) extraction methods. This work is aimed at adapting the green technology of using supercritical CO2(SC-CO2) as solvent in a batch process to extract Melaleuca cajuputileaves. The plant leaves were collected from Trengganu, Malaysia. Cajuputi extract analyses were performed by GC and GC/MS. The maximum yields obtained were 4.2% and 6.0%, respectively, by supercritical fluid (SFE) and solvent extraction (SE). Several compounds were identified and significant qualitative and quantitative differences were observed under different conditions. The major components of Cajuputi oil consisted of sesquiterpenes (δ-elemene, β-elemene, β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, 9-epi-β-caryophyllene), their oxygenated derivatives (viridiflorol, platyphyllol, β-eudesmol, bulnesol, (Z,Z)-farnesol and (E,E)-farnesal) and polyphenolic ketones (isoeugenitine and three unknown compounds).

AbstractEssential oils from the aerial parts of Sicilian Teucrium flavumL., isolated by using microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MHD), were analyzed for the first time at various seasonal stages (vegetative and budding stage) by means of GC/MS and GC-FID; the flowers and fruits were also subjected to examination. More than 80 compounds were identified as oil components. The leaf, flower and fruit oils were characterized by a predominance of sesquiterpenes, such as β-ryophyllene (3–5 g/100 g), germacrene D (4–14 g/100 g), β-bisabolene (32–49 g/100 g); the total amount of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons contained in each oil was 56–70 g/100 g, the oxygenated derivatives were in the range of 9–20 g/100 g. The monoterpene hydrocarbons in all samples (leaves, flowers, fruits) were contained in very low amounts, from 0.2 to 1.6 g/100 g, and were the least representative fraction of the oils. Oxygenated aliphatic compounds, especially esters, were also detected. The results can be useful to support, by means of a safe reliable sample preparation (MHD) and analytical (GC) technique, the research on medicinal plants belonging to Mediterranean flora.

AbstractLeaf-derived essential oils isolated from Artemisia arborescensL. (Asteraceae) were analyzed by using GC/MS and GC-FID (for compound quantification); a total of 82 components were determined. The oils were derived from plants collected at the vegetative stage and originating from three locations in southern parts of Italy: Calabria, Sicily and the island of Lipari (Eolian Islands). In general, the chemical compositions were rather similar with some major differences regarding, in particular, the amounts of oxygenated compounds, such as camphor, chamazulene and α- and β-thujones. The research work was extended to the determination of a series of chiral compounds, as also the olfactive analysis of the aroma-active compounds, with the aim of acquiring an enlargened view on this specific sample-type.

AbstractThe enantiomeric distribution of sabinene, β-pinene, linalool, terpinen-4-ol, and α-terpineol for nine Eucalyptusspecies has been determined by using a fully automated, multidimensional, double-oven (MDGC) system equipped with a SE-52 precolumn and a β-cyelodextrin main column. This system allows fractions to be multitransferred during the same GC analysis, and the use of the two GCs independently when the multitransfer option is rejected. The results obtained allowed a reliable differentiation between the nine eucalyptus oils.

AbstractThe leaf oils of the following Algerian Eucalyptusspecies have been studied: Eucalyptus punctataDC, E. sideroxylonCunn., E. salignaSmith, E. cladocalyxF. Muell., E. albens Miq.ex Benth., E. ovataLabill., E. leucoxylonF. Muell., E. blakelyiA. Cunn., and E. microcorysF. Muell. The oils have been analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The techniques used allowed the detection of more than 40 components in each oil. The main components were 1,8-cineole, p-cymene, benzaldehyde, β-phellandrene and spathulenol.

AbstractThe composition of Italian industrial lemon petitgrain oil has been examined by HPLC-GC/MS (ITD), GC/MS (quadrupole) and GC using GC capillary SE-52 and Carbowax 20 M columns. A total of 66 compounds have been identified, which represent 98–99% of the whole oil. Among the oxygenated compounds identified, aldehydes were found in highest proportions. 1,8-Cineole, which is either absent or present only as trace in the other Citruspetitgrains, represented 1.1–2.1% of lemon petitgrain oil. Lemon petitgrain oil is more similar to lemon peel oil, than the other Citruspetitgrain oils to the correspondent peel oils.