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The composition of the hydrodistilled oil of Doronicum austriacum Jacq. subsp. giganteum (Griseb.) Stoj. et Stef. (Compositae) obtained in 0.08% w/w yield was determined by CC and GC/MS resulting in the identification of 154 components, accounting for 97.9% of the total oil. The major constituents were germacrene D (50.8%), β- caryophyllene (9.1%), α-humulene (5.5%) and (Z,E)-α-farnesene (5.2%). Terpenoids (93.6%) constituted the main fraction of the oil with sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (81.6%) as the most abundant compound class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The volatiles of Achillea millefolium L., cultivated in Iran, were obtained by hydrodistillation and supercritical (carbon dioxide) extraction methods. The volatiles were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography using flame ionization and mass spectrometric detections. The effects of different parameters, such as pressure, temperature, modifier volume and extraction time, on the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of A. millefoliurn volatiles were investigated. The results showed that, under a pressure of 300 atm, temperature 35°C, 5% methanol and dynamic extraction time of 20 min, extraction was more selective for germacrene D. Fifty compounds were identified in the hydrodistilled oil. The major volatile components of A. millefollium were 1,8-cineole (15.2%) and germacrene D (14.1%). However, by using supercritical carbon dioxide under optimum conditions, only two components constituted more than (60%) of the volatile concentrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Distillation of the fresh flowering tops of Heteropappus altaicus Willd. (Novopokr.) collected from four different altitudes of Altai Region of Siberia yielded mobile, dark green to yellowish oils, depending on the altitude and location of collection. GC and GC/MS analyses of the oils revealed 42 components, of which 65-91% were monoterpenoids and 7-31% were sesquiterpenoid. The oil obtained from 330 m had α-pinene (18.6%), myrcene (18.6%), β-phellandrene (17.2%), (E)-α-ocimene (12.9%) and germacrene D (11.9%), while samples from 600 m consisted of myrcene (26.4%), α-pinene (23.2%), β-phellandrene (18.0%), (E)-α-ocimene (9.9%), germacrene D (4.3%) and sabinene (4.2%). The oil from 120 m had α-pinene (22.0%), β-phellandrene (21.6%), myrcene (19.5%), trans-β-ocimene (11.3%), germacrene D (7.2%) and limonene (4.5%) as major components. At 1550 m the major components were germacrene D (22.0%), myrcene (18.0%), β-phellandrene (14.0%), α-pinene (11.3%) and (E)-β-ocimene (9.2%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The oil from inflorescences of Hypericum perforatum var. angustifolium growing wild and harvested in Sardinia (Italy) was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The major compounds in the oil were 2-methyloctane (21.1%), germacrene D (17.6%) and α-pinene (15.8%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Essential oil isolated by hydrodistillation from leaves of Casearia decandra Jacq. was analyzed by capillary GC and GC/MS. Forty-six compounds, representing 92.3% of the total oil, were identified. The oil contained mainly sesquiterpenes (89.2%) with the diterpene thunbergol as a minor constituent (3.1%). The major components were β-caiyophyllene (13.0 %) and germacrene D (11.2%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The essential oil of Lippia substrigosa Turcz. was analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS. Lippia substrigosa Turcz. is a native plant from Central America and south of Mexico. A yield of 0.3% (w/w) was obtained by hydrodistillation of the dried aerial parts of the plant. The essential oil showed a high content of sesquiterpenoids, with germacrene D (29.5%), β-caiyophyllene (15.4%) and caryophyllene oxide (6.9%), and the monoterpene sabinene (11.1%) as the main components. The compounds identified amount to 86.6% of the total essential oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial flowering parts of Fuernrohria setifolia C. Koch was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Twenty-eight compounds were identified corresponding to 97.6% of the total oil. Monoterpene hydrocarbons (69.1%) constituted the principal fraction of the oil with limonene (68.5%) as the major component. Other main compounds were carvone (10.2%) and germacrene D (10.9%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analysis of Acinos hungaricus oil isolated by water distillation of flowering herb was performed using GC and GC/MS. Forty-one constituents were identified, representing 88.8% of total oil with germacrene D (46.7%) as the most prominent constituent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]