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Objective To evaluate the effect of ephedrine on intubation conditions (ICs) one minute after anesthesia induction using propofol and rocuronium. Methods: PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Knowledge, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Google Scholar, and other databases were searched from inception to September 2012 to collect relevant randomized clinical trials (RCTs). We evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies by the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool and analyzed the data using RevMan 5.1. As the outcomes, excellent ICs, clinically acceptable ICs and side effects were evaluated with risk ratios (RRs). Results: Five RCTs involving 396 patients were identified. The results of the meta-analysis demonstrated that ephedrine increased the rate of excellent ICs (RR = 2.40, 95% CI 1.89 to 3.05), but had no effects on the rate of clinically acceptable ICs (RR = 1.15, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.42) and the incidence of side effects (RR = 2.00, 95% CI 0.19 to 21.36). Besides, the results of subgroup analysis showed that both low dose and high dose of ephedrine increased the rate of excellent ICs, but only low dose increased the rate of clinically acceptable ICs. The results of sensitive analysis showed that both favored ephedrine (excellent ICs: RR = 2.54, 95% CI 1.69 to 3.83; clinically acceptable ICs: RR = 1.21, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.38). Conclusion: Ephedrine, without extra side effects, created superior ICs one minute after anesthesia induction using propofol and rocuronium, and low dose (i.e., 70–100 μg/kg) is recommended as the possible optimal dose.

To evaluate the effect of ephedrine on intubation conditions (ICs) one minute after anesthesia induction using propofol and rocuronium.PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Knowledge, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Google Scholar, and other databases were searched from inception to September 2012 to collect relevant randomized clinical trials (RCTs). We evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies by the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool and analyzed the data using RevMan 5.1. As the outcomes, excellent ICs, clinically acceptable ICs and side effects were evaluated with risk ratios (RRs).Five RCTs involving 396 patients were identified. The results of the meta-analysis demonstrated that ephedrine increased the rate of excellent ICs (RR = 2.40, 95% CI 1.89 to 3.05), but had no effects on the rate of clinically acceptable ICs (RR = 1.15, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.42) and the incidence of side effects (RR = 2.00, 95% CI 0.19 to 21.36). Besides, the results of subgroup analysis showed that both low dose and high dose of ephedrine increased the rate of excellent ICs, but only low dose increased the rate of clinically acceptable ICs. The results of sensitive analysis showed that both favored ephedrine (excellent ICs: RR = 2.54, 95% CI 1.69 to 3.83; clinically acceptable ICs: RR = 1.21, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.38).Ephedrine, without extra side effects, created superior ICs one minute after anesthesia induction using propofol and rocuronium, and low dose (i.e., 70-100 μg/kg) is recommended as the possible optimal dose.

To evaluate available evidence on the diagnostic value of radioactivity-free cultivation and detection technologies for rapid detection of rifampicin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.A fully recursive literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Biosis, Web of Science (all 1990-2010), CBMWeb (1978-2010), and Google Scholar. QUADAS items were used to evaluate the quality of included studies. Sensitivity, specificity, Summary receiver-operating curve SEN, SPE, SROC, and related techniques were used to assess the diagnostic value of radioactivity-free Mycobacterium tuberculosis cultivation and detection technologies.Six studies were included in the final analysis. The MB/BacT, BACTEC MGIT 960, and Manual MGIT systems were highly sensitive and specific for detecting rifampicin-resistant TB. The summary SEN and summary SPE of the MB/BacT and BACTEC MGIT 960 systems were 100%, 99%, 100%, and 96%, respectively. The SROC of the BACTEC MGIT 960 system was 0.9943.We recommended that the BACTEC 460 system be replaced by MB/BacT or BACTEC MGIT 960 as the final diagnostic test for rifampicin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. More studies are needed on the diagnostic value of other radioactivity-free cultivation and detection technologies to reliably determine their sensitivity and specificity for this bacterium.