1. Reversing the surface charge of MSC-derived small extracellular vesicles by εPL-PEG-DSPE for enhanced osteoarthritis treatment.
- Author
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Feng K, Xie X, Yuan J, Gong L, Zhu Z, Zhang J, Li H, Yang Y, and Wang Y
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Animals, Cartilage cytology, Cells, Cultured, Chondrocytes metabolism, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells cytology, Injections, Intra-Articular, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Swine, Treatment Outcome, Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy methods, Extracellular Vesicles drug effects, Mesenchymal Stem Cells cytology, Osteoarthritis therapy, Phosphatidylethanolamines chemistry, Phosphatidylethanolamines pharmacology, Polyethylene Glycols chemistry, Polyethylene Glycols pharmacology, Polylysine chemistry, Polylysine pharmacology
- Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (MSC-sEVs) possess a great therapeutical potential for osteoarthritis (OA) treatment. However, the steric and electrostatic hindrance of cartilage matrix leads to very limited distribution of MSC-sEVs in cartilage and low bioavailability of MSC-sEVs after intra-articular injection. To overcome this, a strategy to reverse the surface charge of MSC-sEVs by modifying the MSC-sEVs with a novel cationic amphiphilic macromolecule namely ε-polylysine-polyethylene-distearyl phosphatidylethanolamine (PPD) was developed in this study. Through incubation with 100 μg/ml PPD, positively charged MSC-sEVs (PPD-sEVs) were obtained, and the modification process showed nearly no disturbance to the integrity and contents of sEVs and exhibited good stability under the interference of anionic macromolecules. A more effective cellular uptake and homeostasis modulation ability of PPD-sEVs than unmodified MSC-sEVs to chondrocytes was demonstrated. More importantly, PPD-sEVs demonstrated significantly enhanced cartilage uptake, cartilage penetration, and joint retention capacity as compared to MSC-sEVs. Intra-articular injection of PPD-sEVs into a mouse OA model showed significantly improved bioavailability than MSC-sEVs, which resulted in enhanced therapeutic efficacy with reduced injection frequency. In general, this study provides a facile and effective strategy to improve the intra-articular bioavailability of MSC-sEVs and has a great potential to accelerate the clinical practice of MSC-sEVs based OA therapy., (© 2021 The Authors. Journal of Extracellular Vesicles published by Wiley Periodicals, LLC on behalf of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles.)
- Published
- 2021
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