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A total of 30 specimens (73–95 mm standard length) of Nemipterus randalli were collected along the Lebanon coast. This species, a Lessepsian migrant previously misidentified as Nemipterus japonicus, appears to be well established in the Levantine basin of the Mediterranean Sea. The small size and immature status of the specimens of N. randalli collected from the Lebanon coast indicate recent successful recruitment.

A specimen of the Japanese threadfin bream Nemipterus japonicus was recorded for the first time from the Mediterranean Sea. The presence of this Indo-Pacific fish in the Mediterranean is evidently due to migration from the Red Sea via the Suez Canal.

Based on Nei's genetic distance Nemipterus peronii and Nemipterus japonicus showed a greater affinity to Parascolopsis aspinosa than to the other Nemipterus species studied. Significant differences between the Indian west and east coast samples of N. japonicus were detected. Polymorphic (P

A dorsal accessory duct (DAD) structure was found on the dorsal side of a functional testis in all males of both Nemipterus virgatus and N. japonicus, and determined to be homologous to the ovary, based on structural, histological and cytological evidence. Secretions, in the DAD varied according to reproductive season and were particularly marked in N. virgatus. The sexual pattern of both species was functional gonochorism. The secretions of the DAD suggest some unknown function, possibly associated with spawning, which has evidently arisen de novo within a rudimentary ovary: this is the only example of its type reported among hermaphroditic fishes.