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Moringa oleifera is a perennial plant species of the Moringaceae family known as the "miracle tree" since practically all of its parts can be utilized as food. In particular, the high protein content and rich nutrients in Moringa oleifera leaf has drawn the attention of researchers. As a sustainable and promising protein source, Moringa oleifera leaf protein is superior to other conventional plant proteins in the aspects of biological potency and nutritive value. Significant research on its functional characteristics has also highlighted its potential as a raw material for food processing. Thus, the application of Moringa oleifera leaf protein in the food industry, as a protein-rich sustainable food source, is of great interest. The present review gives an overview of Moringa oleifera leaf protein with emphases on the extraction methods, composition analysis, and functional characteristics. Diverse applications of Moringa oleifera leaf protein in food, as well as its restrictions, have also been identified in this review, highlighting the potential of this plant-based protein for novel food products and providing directions for future research. • Moringa oleifera leaf is high in protein. • Moringa oleifera leaf as a sustainable protein source has attracted great interest. • Protein obtained from Moringa oleifera leaf presents higher digestibility. • Moringa oleifera leaf protein has diverse applications in food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]