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Classification of violent behavior, including dismemberment and mutilation, has become increasingly more significant. This study uses a data‐driven classification system based upon knowledge drawn from the pertinent literature, and examination of cases of offenders who have dismembered or mutilated their victims. The latter were extracted from the Serial Killer Database, as well as media sources, and assessed for characteristics of the perpetrators and victim(s). An informational form was developed and used to establish quantitative parameters and objectively extract pertinent information that could be used for comparison and pattern analysis. Motives and styles, as well as the organized/disorganized dichotomy for murder and dismemberment/mutilation, were examined for each case. The majority of cases demonstrated defensive styles (60%), with the second most common being offensive styles (26%), which differs from previous studies that do not exclude older cases. Additionally, 68% of cases reflected organized patterns for both murder and the acts of dismemberment or mutilation. The results support a data‐driven classification system that may serve as a foundational model for the investigation of specific motives of this type of deviant behavior in future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stalking is a complex behavioral phenomenon that is unique in that it necessarily involves a prolonged dyadic relationship between both a perpetrator and a victim. Since criminalization of stalking behavior in the 1990s, different conceptual typologies have attempted to classify this behavior to assess risk and aid in management decisions. The authors reviewed the current literature regarding the most recent and accepted stalking classification systems. The three predominant stalker typologies currently in use include Zona's stalker-victim types, Mullen's stalker typology, and the RECON stalker typology. Of these, the RECON classification system alone was developed in an attempt to separate stalkers into groups based on previously known risk factors for behaviorally based phenomenon such as propensity for violence. Understanding and simplifying these classification systems may enhance the potential that new research will lead to evidence-based management and treatment strategies in the stalking situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reports on the statistical study of writing habits for Arabic Numerals of 187 subjects in Hongkong. Development of a classification system of writing habits for Arabic numerals based on assigned codes of characteristic features; Performance of pair comparison on the writing habits of Arabic numerals amongst 187 subjects; Efficacy of the analysis in demonstrating the individuality if handwriting and, with the availability of only two different numerals.