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In mathematical chemistry, the algebraic polynomial serves as essential for calculating the most accurate expressions of distance-based, degree-distance-based, and degree-based topological indices. The chemical reactivity of molecules, which includes their tendency to engage in particular chemical processes or go through particular reactions, can be predicted using topological indices. Considerable effort has been put into examining the many topological descriptors of simple graphs using ring structures and well-known groups instead of nonassociative algebras, quasigroups, and loops. Both finite quasigroups and loops are the generalizations of groups. In this article, we calculate topological descriptors and some well-known polynomials, M -polynomial, Hosoya's polynomial, Schultz's polynomial, and modified Schultz polynomial of finite relatively prime graphs of most orders connected with two classes of quasigroups and go through their graphical aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the study of fractional Kundu-Eckhaus equation (FKEE) and fractional massive Thirring problem (FMTP) that appear in the quantum field theory, weakly nonlinear dispersive water waves, and nonlinear optics. Since the variational iteration method involves integration, the Laplace transform involves convolution theorem in recurrence relation to derive the series solution. To avoid some assumptions and hypothesis, we apply a two-scale approach for such a nonlinear complex model. The fractional differential equation may be transformed into its partner equation using He's fractional complex transform, and then, the nonlinear elements can be readily handled using the homotopy perturbation method (HPM). Numerical results are derived in a rapid converge series form to improve the accuracy of the scheme greatly. Graphical representations and error distribution show that the two-scale approach is a very convenient tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goal of this paper is to introduce a new scheme for the approximate solution of 1D, 2D, and 3D wave equations. The recurrence relation is very important to deal with the approximate solution of differential problems. We construct a scheme with the help of the Laplace-Carson integral transform ( L c IT) and the homotopy perturbation method (HPM), called Laplace-Carson homotopy integral transform method ( L c HITM). L c IT produces the recurrence relation and destructs the restriction of variables whereas HPM gives the successive iteration of the relation using the initial conditions. The convergence analysis is provided to study the wave equation with multiple dimensions. Some numerical examples are considered to show the efficiency of this scheme. Graphical representation and plot distribution between the approximate and the exact solution predict the high rate of convergence of this approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we propose a new iterative scheme (NIS) to investigate the approximate solution of the fourth-order parabolic partial differential equations (PDEs) that arises in transverse vibration problems. We introduce the Mohand transform as a new operator that is very easy to implement coupled with the homotopy perturbation method. This NIS is capable of reducing the linearization, perturbation, and restrictive assumptions that ruin the nature of the numerical problems. Some numerical examples are demonstrated to legitimate the accuracy and authenticity of this NIS. The computational results are obtained in the shape of a series that converges only after a few iterations. The comparison of the graphical representations shows that NIS is a very simple but also an effective approach for other numerical problems involving complex variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose an innovative approach to determine the approximate solution of the coupled time-fractional Keller-Segel (K-S) model. We use the fractional complex transform (FCT) to switch the model into its differential partner, and then, the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) is introduced to tackle its nonlinear elements using He's polynomials. This two-scale theory helps to define the physical meaning of the FCT for the solution of the K-S model. Some examples are illustrated to show that the proposed scheme presents the significant results. The considerable findings show that this strategy does not require any assumptions and also reduces the massive computations without imposing any constraints. This technique is also suitable in functional studies of fractal calculus due to its powerful and robust support for nonlinear problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a new iterative method (NIM) for the investigation of the approximate solution of the Klein-Gordon and sine-Gordon equations. This approach is formulated on the combination of the Mohand transform and the homotopy perturbation method. Mohand transform (MT) is capable to handle the linear terms only, thus we introduce homotopy perturbation method (HPM) to tackle the nonlinear terms. This NIM derives the results in the form of a series solution. The proposed method emphasizes the stability of the derived solutions without any linearization, discretization, or hypothesis. Graphical representation and absolute error demonstrate the efficiency and authenticity of this scheme. Some numerical models are illustrated to show the compactness and reliability of this strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metric dimension of a graph is a well-studied concept. Recently, adjacency metric dimension of graph has been introduced. A set Q a ⊂ V G is considered to be an adjacency metric generator for G if u 1 , u 2 ∈ V \ Q a (supposing each pair); there must exist a vertex q ∈ Q a along with the condition that q is indeed adjacent to one of u 1 , u 2 . The minimum number of elements in adjacency metric generator is the adjacency metric dimension of G , denoted by di m a G. In this work, we compute exact values of the adjacency metric dimension of circulant graph C n 1 , 2 , Möbius ladder, hexagonal Möbius ladder, and the ladder graph. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]