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Highlights: [•] Pd/TNTs photoelectrodes have been prepared through electrochemical deposition method. [•] The role of Pd on the enhancement of PC and PEC performance has been investigated. [•] Contribution of series of active species on the degradation of diclofenac has been investigated. [•] The enhanced PC mechanism of Pd/TNTs photoelectrode was proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A cerium doped ternary SnO2 based oxides anode that is CeO2–RuO2–SnO2 (Ce–Ru–SnO2) anode, was prepared by facile thermal decomposition technique. XRD was used to characterize the crystal structures of modified SnO2 anodes. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and accelerated life test were also utilized to study the electrochemical property of Ce–Ru–SnO2 anode. The results indicated that Ce–Ru–SnO2 anode possessed smaller charge transfer resistance and longer service life than other modified SnO2 anodes. Oxidants, such as hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide and hypochlorite ions were determined. Electrochemical oxidation of nitrophenols (NPs) were conducted and compared with previous studies. The degradation of nitrophenols revealed two distinguishing laws for mononitrophenol and multinitrophenols. The Ce–Ru–SnO2 anode is considered to be a promising material for the treatment of organic pollutants due to its high electrochemical activity and benign stability. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Wormhole-shaped TiO2/Ti (WT) and nanotube-shaped TiO2/Ti (TNT) photoelectrodes were prepared by anodic oxidation method. The morphology and structure were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was found that both crystal types of WT and TNT photoelectrodes were composed of anatase and rutile TiO2 phases; however TNT photoelectrodes had highly ordered nanostructure. The photoelectrochemical (PECH) and photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) properties of WT and TNT photoelectrodes were investigated by photocurrent transient, open-circuit potential and degradation rate of alachlor under the artificial solar light illumination. All results showed that TNT photoelectrodes prepared in NaF–Na2SO4 solution have more excellent photoelectron properties than WT photoelectrodes prepared in H2SO4 solution. The photocatalytic (PC) and PEC experiments of alachlor showed that PC and PEC activities of TNT photoelectrodes were superior to WT photoelectrodes. At applied bias potentials the degradation rate of alachlor at TNT photoelectrodes increased significantly to 94.5%. The higher PC and PEC performance of TNT photoelectrodes were ascribed to the long-range ordered structure and short-orientation diffusion distance of photogenerated carries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Sulfur-doped TiO2/Ti photoelectrodes were prepared by anodization and characterized by SEM, AFM, XRD, XPS, UV–vis and SPS. The results of investigation indicated that S4+ and S6+ were dispersed on the surface of TiO2 nanoparticles. The doping with an appropriate amount of sulfur expanded the response range of TiO2/Ti photoelectrodes to visible light, and enhanced the separation of photoinduced electrons from cavities. The photoelectrocatalytic performance test run with sulfur-doped TiO2/Ti photoelectrodes under Xenon light indicated that Na2SO3 concentration of 750mg/L and voltage of 160V were the optimal conditions for preparation of sulfur-doped TiO2/Ti photoelectrodes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Nitrogen doped TiO2/Ti photoelectrodes were prepared by a sequence of anodization and plasma based ion implantation (PBII). The properties of this photoelectrode were characterized by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS), Ultra violet/visible light diffuse reflectance spectra (UV/vis/DRS), surface photovoltage (SPV), etc. Photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) performance of N-doped TiO2/Ti photoelectrode was tested under visible light irradiation. Their photocatalytic activity was evaluated by degradation of Rhodamine B (Rh.B). The results of XPS showed that nitrogen element was in form of three species, i.e. β-N, molecular γ-N and O–Ti–N, which existed in the lattices of TiO2 and gaps between molecules. The results of UV/vis/DRS spectra and SPV revealed that proper doping of nitrogen could expand the response of photoelectrodes towards visible light and diminish the recombination of photo-generated holes and electrons, respectively. The photoelectrocatalytic activity of N-doped TiO2/Ti photoelectrodes was superior to those of undoped one under visible light region irradiation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]