The article presents an editorial commentary on the paper "Predominant role of bacterial pneumonia as a cause of death in pandemic influenza: implications for pandemic influenza preparedness," by D. M. Morens and colleges. The paper reviews 109 published autopsy series from the 1918 pandemic. According to the author, the findings are striking in the context of modern conceptions of the 1918 pandemics: the great majority of deaths could be attributed to secondary bacterial pneumonia.