1. Classification of intellectual disability according to domains of adaptive functioning and between‐domains discrepancy in adults with epilepsy
- Author
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J. S. van Ool, In Y. Tan, Francesca M. Snoeijen-Schouwenaars, Helenius J. Schelhaas, Jos G.M. Hendriksen, Albert P. Aldenkamp, RS: MHeNs - R1 - Cognitive Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, and Klinische Neurowetenschappen
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,030506 rehabilitation ,Adolescent ,diagnosis ,assessment ,prevalence ,developmental disability ,CHILDREN ,Comorbidity ,DSM-5 ,Adaptive functioning ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Epilepsy ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Intellectual Disability ,Adaptation, Psychological ,Intellectual disability ,medicine ,Humans ,Vulnerable population ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Set (psychology) ,Aged ,seizures ,Aged, 80 and over ,people ,Intelligence quotient ,ILAE ,paper ,05 social sciences ,Rehabilitation ,INTERNATIONAL-LEAGUE ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Neurology ,Social domain ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,0305 other medical science ,Psychology ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Background In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth edition (DSM-5), the diagnostic criteria of intellectual disability (ID) include three domains of adaptive deficits: the conceptual, social and practical. Substantial intra-individual differences between domains can be considered an ID domain discrepancy. Method We explored the associations between ID domains, discrepancies and epilepsy in 189 adults (mean age = 47.9; SD = 15.6). Each DSM-5 ID domain was assessed separately, using subscales of the Vineland II for the social and practical domains, and psychological instruments, including intelligence tests, for the conceptual domain. A set of standardised criteria is proposed to identify an ID domain discrepancy. Results An ID domain discrepancy seemed to be present in about one-third of subjects and was particularly present in subjects with moderate ID (53.4%). Impairment in the social domain was most often the reason for the discrepancy. The presence of a discrepancy was significantly related to a focal (localised) epilepsy type (OR = 2.3, P = .028) and a mixed seizure type (OR = 1.4, P = .009). Epilepsy characteristics that are indicative of a more severe and refractory epilepsy, including various seizure types, a high seizure frequency, a combined epilepsy type (both focal and generalised epilepsy) and an early age at onset, were significantly related to more severe impairments in conceptual, social and practical adaptive behaviour (all P values
- Published
- 2018