1. Novel diagnostic tests for the putative agent of bacterial gill disease in Pacific razor clams (Siliqua patula)
- Author
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Steven C. Fradkin, Maureen K. Purcell, Carla M. Conway, Maya L. Groner, Brooke A. Travis, William N. Batts, Linda Park, and Paul K. Hershberger
- Subjects
Gills ,Washington ,0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,animal structures ,Diagnostic Tests, Routine ,Intranuclear Inclusion Bodies ,Chromogenic in situ hybridization ,Diagnostic test ,Bacterial Infections ,Biology ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,01 natural sciences ,Bivalvia ,Microbiology ,010602 entomology ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Gamma proteobacteria ,Proteobacteria ,Prevalence ,Animals ,CISH ,In Situ Hybridization ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Nuclear inclusion X (NIX) is a gamma proteobacteria that infects the nuclei of gill epithelial cells in Pacific razor clams. NIX has been associated with clam die-offs in coastal Washington. A quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay was developed to detect NIX in Pacific razor clams, and assay specificity was confirmed by chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH). Both tests were applied to evaluate NIX infections in wild Pacific razor clams collected during spring 2019. Consistent with results from earlier histopathological assessments, qPCR and CISH indicated 100% prevalence in razor clams from two Washington beaches and 0% prevalence from two Alaskan beaches.
- Published
- 2021
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