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Objective To observe and explore the effects of high-flux hemodialysis (HFHD) on calcium and phosphorus metabolism in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) . Methods Eighty-six patients with MHD in our hospital from August 2012 to February 2014 were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group. 43 cases in the observation group were treated with HFHD, while 43 patients in the control group were treated with low-flux hemodialysis (LFHD). All patients accepted hemodialysis for 6 months. Calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone ( iPTH) and calcium-phosphorus product were measured and compared in the two groups before and after hemodialysis. Results The differences of calcium, phosphorus, iPTH and calcium-phosphorus product between two groups before treatment were not statistically significant (P > 0.05) . After hemodialysis, calcium, phosphorus, iPTH and calcium-phosphorus product were (3.2 ± 0.3) mmol/L, (1.8 ± 0.2) mmol/L, (156.5 ± 32.8) pg/mL and (32.5 ± 3.6) mg2/dL2 in the observation group, and were (2.1 ± 0.4) mmol/L, (2.1 ±0.2) mmol/L, (387.2 ± 74.5) pg/mL and (47.1 ± 4.3) mg²/dL² in the control group, respectively. The differences were statistically significant between the two groups (P < 0.05) . Conclusion HFHD can significantly eliminate phosphorus and iPTH, as well as improve serum calcium level in patients with MHD, thereby improving patient's calcium and phosphorus metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]