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The seasonal diet of Pampas foxes (Lycalopex gymnocercus) was examined from 431 scat samples collected during 1 year in the dry Chaco woodland of Salta Province, northwestern Argentina. Fleshy fruits dominated the diet during the dry and wet seasons, representing 69% of the total frequency and comprising 91% of the total volume. Most of the fruit diet was contributed by 5 woody plant species. Mistol (Ziziphus mistol, Rhamnaceae), was the most important fruit resource throughout the year. Arthropods (particularly beetles and scorpions) and small mammals (mainly rodents and marmosets) were the most frequently consumed animal prey. Seasonal shifts in the frequency of the main food items in the diet were not significant, but there was considerable seasonal variation in the frequency of fruit species. Diversity of prey in the diet was highest in the wet season. The Pampas fox is a generalist feeder that can alter its diet to changes in food availability. However, its diet in the Chaco, which is dominated by fruit, differs from its diet in Pampas grassland habitat, where it consumes mostly meat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]