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Poor bonding between bone tissue and noble titanium (Ti) surfaces is one of the major problems that should be resolved. Given that SiO2 is a documented differentiation promoter and polydopamine (PDA) is an adhesive molecule, it is worthwhile to investigate the synergetic performance of novel silica/polydopamine (SiO2/PDA) hybrid coatings on Ti substrates. The physicochemical properties of PDA, 2SiPDA, 10SiPDA, and 20SiPDA coatings including the microstructure, bond strength and corrosion resistance, and in vitro antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus were examined. In addition, the osteogenesis level of MG63 human osteoblast-like cells on the coatings was detected. The experimental results indicated that the precipitated SiO2 particles were within the PDA layer with sub-micro-scale thickness. The hybrid coating (20SiPDA) containing an appropriate amount of SiO2 did not adversely affect shear bond strength compared with the Ti control and pure PDA coating. The SiO2/PDA coatings could effectively enhance the corrosion resistant ability of Ti implants. The 20SiPDA coatings elicited higher mortality rates of bacterial strains compared with the Ti control and pure PDA coating. More importantly, the incorporation of SiO2 in the PDA coating layer could improve adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization of MG63 osteoblasts. The new SiO2/PDA coating may be suitable for serving as a decorated layer to improve osteogenesis of Ti implants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Poor bonding between bone tissue and noble titanium (Ti) surfaces is one of the major problems that should be resolved. Given that SiO 2 is a documented differentiation promoter and polydopamine (PDA) is an adhesive molecule, it is worthwhile to investigate the synergetic performance of novel silica/polydopamine (SiO 2 /PDA) hybrid coatings on Ti substrates. The physicochemical properties of PDA, 2SiPDA, 10SiPDA, and 20SiPDA coatings including the microstructure, bond strength and corrosion resistance, and in vitro antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus were examined. In addition, the osteogenesis level of MG63 human osteoblast-like cells on the coatings was detected. The experimental results indicated that the precipitated SiO 2 particles were within the PDA layer with sub-micro-scale thickness. The hybrid coating (20SiPDA) containing an appropriate amount of SiO 2 did not adversely affect shear bond strength compared with the Ti control and pure PDA coating. The SiO 2 /PDA coatings could effectively enhance the corrosion resistant ability of Ti implants. The 20SiPDA coatings elicited higher mortality rates of bacterial strains compared with the Ti control and pure PDA coating. More importantly, the incorporation of SiO 2 in the PDA coating layer could improve adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization of MG63 osteoblasts. The new SiO 2 /PDA coating may be suitable for serving as a decorated layer to improve osteogenesis of Ti implants.

Although autografts are considered to be the current gold standard, there is still clinical demand for synthetic bone graft substitutes. Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have many favourable properties that support their clinical use in the repair of bone defects. Although the translation of CPCs from the bench to the bedside has been quite successful, some issues remain. This review article provides an overview of the recent progress in the development of CPC-based materials and also emphasises the challenges facing clinical applications. The next generation of CPCs with unique properties is emerging for specific clinical applications.