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Biofluorescence imaging enables real-time, visual detection of biomolecules, cells and tissues/organs on a three-dimensional scale. And it can track the various physiological processes of the organism and understand the relationship between biomolecules and their structure and function. Near-infrared imaging has a high temporal and spatial resolution, low damage to biological tissues and strong penetrating capability, good sensitivity and low background fluorescence interference, which are the advantages of imaging technology. However, at present, the deficiencies of fluorescent groups include relatively low fluorescence quantum yield and unfavorably short emission wavelength in the NIR region, especially in the second near-infrared window (1000–1700 nm, NIR-II). In the in vivo processes and applications of NIR fluorescence materials, biocompatibility, fluorescence quantum efficiency and adjustability of excitation and emission wavelengths in the NIR region should be considered. Therefore, organic polymeric materials are ideal for the construction of the NIR fluorescence probe. In this review, the synthesis and applications of NIR fluorescence polymers were summarized and the future trend has prospected as well.

This article presented a versatile and robust adsorbent with both magnetic property and high adsorption capacity on the basis of poly(glycidyl methacrylate)@Fe3O4@diazoresin (PGMA@Fe3O4@DR) magnetic microspheres. The morphology, composition and magnetic properties of the magnetic microspheres were characterized by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and the hysteresis loop measurements, respectively. The obtained microspheres were applied in the adsorption of dye in the wastewater. The effects of adsorption time, initial dye concentration, pH value and other conditions were explored. Results show that the magnetic microspheres were able to remove more than 98.5% of dyes in water under optimized conditions. The use of diazoresin not only protects the Fe3O4 particles from being corroded at different pH values, but also greatly improves the adsorption capacity.

Monodisperse poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) (PS-DVB) microspheres with binary porous structures were synthesized using a modified seeded polymerization method. The microspheres had small pores on the surface and big pores in the middle. Using the binary porous PS-DVB (BPPSD) microspheres as packing materials for high-performance liquid chromatography, several benzene analogs were effectively separated in a column as short as 75 mm due to the high surface areas of the stationary phase. Because of the π–π affinity interaction between BPPSD particles and analytes, the separation performance of the BPPSD column was better than commercialized C18 column at the same conditions. Compared to column filled with non-porous PS-DVB particles, the back pressure of BPPSD column could be maintained at especially low level even at high flow rates due to the excellent permeability of the fillers. In addition, approximate baseline separation of C60 and C70 was also achieved in the 75 mm BPPSD column.