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Electronic fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring is a technical means to evaluate the state of the fetus in the uterus by monitoring FHR. The main purpose is to detect intrauterine hypoxia and take corresponding medical measures timely. Because the fetus sleeps quietly for up to 1 hour sometimes, ultrasound Doppler is not easy to continuously detect for a long time. The electronic fetal monitor obtains the fetal heart rate, which not only improves the accuracy and comfort, but also the convenient implementation of long-term monitoring. It is beneficial to reduce perinatal fetal morbidity and mortality. This study used maternal–fetal Holter monitor which is based on the technology of fetal electrocardiograph (FECG) to collect the FHR, and then design algorithm to extract the baseline FHR, acceleration, variation, sleep-wake cycle and nonlinear parameters. There were significant differences in the 22 parameters between the normal and the suspicious group. Using the 22 characteristic parameters, the support vector machine was used to classify the normal and the suspected group of fetuses. 80% of the data was used to train a classification model. The remaining 20% of the data was used as a test set and its accuracy reached 93.75%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Fetal movement (FM) is one of the objective phenomena of fetal life. The decrease of FM is a clinical indicator of fetal hypoxia. A fetal motion detection method is based on multiple pressure sensors and multi features. Methods: Collecting the abdominal data of pregnant women using multi-pressure sensors, preprocessing the signal with a digital filter, extracting the time–frequency characteristics of FM signal. The designed classifier is used for recognition of the extracted features. Results: The detection system used for FM time series can provide reliable results with a detection rate of 93.0% and a positive rate is 75.9%. Conclusion: The portable detection system proposed in this paper is a good alternative that will optimize medical use, professionals and hospital resources and has potential application prospects in the field of home electronic medical treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We used Gaussian modeling to depict the changes in finger photoplethysmographic (PPG) pulse during pregnancy in healthy women. We enrolled 70 healthy pregnant women and recorded their PPG pulses in 11–13 gestational weeks, 20–22 gestational weeks, and 37–39 gestational weeks. Three independent positive Gaussian functions were utilized to decompose the pulses, and each Gaussian function extracted three key parameters: the peak amplitude (H), the peak position (T), and the half-width (W). The method of ANOVA and post-hoc multiple comparisons of mathematical statistics were utilized to study the differences of these parameters between the three trimesters. We found that in the first trimester H 1 increased significantly ( H 1 : 4 9. 7 ± 1 0. 3 versus 5 2. 9 ± 6. 9 , p < 0. 0 5). T 2 and T 3 increased in the first trimester ( T 2 : 2 8. 1 ± 2. 8 versus 2 8. 4 ± 2. 2 , p > 0. 0 5 ; T 3 : 5 4. 3 ± 4. 2 versus 5 6. 3 ± 4. 3 , p < 0. 0 1), then decreased significantly ( T 2 : 2 8. 4 ± 2. 2 versus 2 7. 3 ± 2. 2 , T 3 : 5 6. 3 ± 4. 3 versus 5 4. 7 ± 5. 2 , p < 0. 0 5). H 1 is associated with cardiac output, and T 2 and T 3 are associated with peripheral vascular resistance. The results of this study were consistent with the conclusion that healthy pregnant women exhibited high flow state of the cardiovascular system and their peripheral vascular resistance decreased first and then gradually recovered during pregnancy. This study indicated that PPG pulse could also reflect the changes in the maternal cardiovascular system during pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, pregnant women in China generally face problems such as unbalanced and excessive nutrition, lack of proper exercise during pregnancy, which shows a significant increase in weight during pregnancy, leading to an increasing trend of perinatal complications. At present, there is less sports health management system for pregnant women throughout pregnancy. In view of this, based on the existing research in related fields, this study deeply explores the appropriate monitoring methods of pregnant women's sports in China. In this study, effective and convenient testing methods and evaluation criteria were proposed for pregnant women's sports and psychology. The research idea was a method based on the pulse wave to detect pregnant women's cardiac reserve capacity, and grading the Diastolic/Systolic value of pregnant women as a reference for grading individualized target heart rate range of moderate intensity exercise. The effective time and energy expenditure of pregnant women were assessed by monitoring the exercise process. The purpose is to help and guide pregnant women in the whole process of pregnancy self-movement management, and thus improve the quality of maternal health care services in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the physical fitness of primary and middle school students in China has been declining. In addition to the unbalanced nutrition, the main reason is the insufficient load of physical exercise. The aim of this study is to explore the quantitative methods of sports load of primary and middle school students by means of training impulse (TRIMP), and to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of this method. In the study, 297 students (168 boys, 129 girls) were divided into intervention group and control group. All of students were tested with height, weight, vital capacity, sit-and-reach, 50 m running, 50 m × 8 round trip, one-minute sit-up, one-minute skip and other physical indicators in gym class, the change of resting heart rate, sport heart rate, exercise time were collected before and after by independent development of the heart-rate wrist belt. The mean sport heart rate, mean exercise time (the cumulative time of the heart rate between 120 and 200 bpm), the time of different intensity exercise and the TRIMP were calculated. The results of correlation analysis showed that the change of TRIMP was positively correlated with the change of vital capacity and one-minute sit up, and increasing sports load could improve the physical health, verifying the feasibility of using the TRIMP to quantify the sports load. At the same time, the TRIMP was expressed in scores to make the understanding easy for the teachers and students or any audience in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]