1. Smartphone-Based Self-Assessment of Stress in Healthy Adult Individuals: A Systematic Review
- Author
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Þórarinsdóttir, Helga, Kessing, Lars Vedel, and Faurholt-Jepsen, Maria
- Subjects
Adult ,Self-assessment ,Self-Assessment ,020205 medical informatics ,Applied psychology ,Anxiety/diagnosis ,Health Informatics ,02 engineering and technology ,Scientific literature ,PsycINFO ,Anxiety ,smartphone ,Likert scale ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Phone ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Stress (linguistics) ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Stress, Psychological/diagnosis ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Monitoring, Physiologic ,Original Paper ,emotional stress ,healthy individuals ,Clinical study design ,objective smartphone generated measures of stress ,self-report ,Systematic review ,Monitoring, Physiologic/methods ,Smartphone ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Stress, Psychological - Abstract
Background: Stress is a common experience in today’s society. Smartphone ownership is widespread, and smartphones can be used to monitor health and well-being. Smartphone-based self-assessment of stress can be done in naturalistic settings and may potentially reflect real-time stress level. Objective: The objectives of this systematic review were to evaluate (1) the use of smartphones to measure self-assessed stress in healthy adult individuals, (2) the validity of smartphone-based self-assessed stress compared with validated stress scales, and (3) the association between smartphone-based self-assessed stress and smartphone generated objective data. Methods: A systematic review of the scientific literature was reported and conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. The scientific databases PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, IEEE, and ACM were searched and supplemented by a hand search of reference lists. The databases were searched for original studies involving healthy individuals older than 18 years, measuring self-assessed stress using smartphones. Results: A total of 35 published articles comprising 1464 individuals were included for review. According to the objectives, (1) study designs were heterogeneous, and smartphone-based self-assessed stress was measured using various methods (e.g., dichotomized questions on stress, yes or no; Likert scales on stress; and questionnaires); (2) the validity of smartphone-based self-assessed stress compared with validated stress scales was investigated in 3 studies, and of these, only 1 study found a moderate statistically significant positive correlation (r=.4; P
- Published
- 2017