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Polyethyleneimine (PEI) nanofiltration (NF) membranes hold great application prospects in lithium extraction from salt lakes due to their high positive charge properties. However, the poor permeability of the membranes caused by the dense separation layer structure severely hinders their further application. Herein, a functional end-capping strategy was employed to address this problem by adding the effective end-capping reagent, Girard's Reagent T (GRT), to the PEI aqueous phase as the co-reaction reagent. Under the dual functions of the end-capping effect and the quaternary ammonium groups of GRT, the looseness and positive charge of the membrane were simultaneously optimized. After the modification of GRT, the looser structure of the PEI/GRT NF membrane improved its pure water flux (PWF) to 115 L m−2 h−1 at 6 bar, which was around 3.7 times higher than that of the original PEI NF membrane. Meanwhile, the enhanced positive charge (from −8 to 9 mV, pH = 7) of the membrane bottom surface allowed it to maintain the high rejection rate of MgCl 2 at 97.2 %. Besides, the PEI/GRT NF membrane exhibited good Mg2+/Li+ selectivity (S Mg 2+ /Li + = 22.7, 2000 ppm, Mg2+/Li+ mass ratio: 20:1). Therefore, this study provides a simple and feasible strategy for the preparation of high-permeable PEI NF membranes with good Mg2+/Li+ separation performance. [Display omitted] • A high permeable PEI-based NF membrane was prepared by the end-capping strategy. • The cross-linking degree of membrane was reduced by end-capping function of GRT. • The surface positive charge of membrane was enhanced by –N+ groups of GRT. • The optimized NF membrane exhibited high permeability and Mg2+/Li+ selectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The immobilization of heterogeneous catalysts on membrane supports can realize highly efficient degradation of organic pollutants to alleviate membrane fouling through in situ catalytic oxidation. In this work, a polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based catalytic membrane was prepared via a phase inversion method in the presence of core-shell structured perovskite catalysts. Following this, a controlled alkali-induced strategy was employed to simultaneously hydrolyze the –CN groups on the membrane surface and the core-shell structured perovskite catalysts anchored in the membrane matrix. Correspondingly, improved hydrophilicity, permeability, and catalytic efficiency via activating peroxymonosulfate were achieved compared with pristine PAN membrane. Rapid tetracycline (TC) elimination (10 ppm, 500 mL) can be realized (99 % in 30 min) under a flux of 334.5 L/m2h (0.02 MPa). Besides, owing to the intrinsic size sieving of the membrane, favorable TC degradation efficiency can also be accomplished in the presence of humic acid. Furthermore, the accumulation of pollutants on the membrane surface was released owing to the massive generation of sulfate radicals and singlet oxygen, enabling self-cleaning properties. More importantly, the as-prepared catalytic membrane possessed attractive stability with the cobalt leaching below 0.013 mg/L. This work provides a method to synergistically enhance permeability, catalytic activity and anti-fouling performance of the membranes, which shows potential application in wastewater decontamination. [Display omitted] • Core-shell structured perovskite catalyst was incorporated in the membrane matrix. • Alkaline modification was used to improve hydrophilicity and catalytic activity. • Membrane filtration and catalytic oxidation were integrated effectively. • Rapid TC degradation was realized more efficiently by enhanced mass transfer. • Membrane possessed attractive stability and self-cleaning properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]