1. Solar active nano-Zn1−xMgxFe2O4 as a magnetically separable sustainable photocatalyst for degradation of sulfadiazine antibiotic.
- Author
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Dhiman, Pooja, Dhiman, Neha, Kumar, Amit, Sharma, Gaurav, Naushad, Mu., and Ghfar, Ayman A.
- Subjects
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ZINC ferrites , *PHOTOCATALYSTS , *X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy , *HYDROXYL group , *PHYSIOLOGICAL oxidation , *FLOW separation , *MAGNESIUM ions - Abstract
Fabricating magnetically recoverable solar-active photocatalysts with high performance capabilities for removal of recalcitrant and emerging pollutants has gained worldwide attention. Especially pharmaceutical pollutants as sulfonamides drugs which are now frequently detected in water systems are hard to remove because of their resistance to microbial and biological oxidation. This laboratory scale experiment presents synthesis of Mg substituted Zn nano-ferrite (Zn 1-x Mg x Fe 2 O 4) (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4) by facile modified sol-gel technique for sulfadiazine (SDZ) degradation. Effect of Mg doping on the zinc ferrite were investigated in this work which was analyzed by Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The UV-diffuse reflectance spectroscopy studies reveal higher visible absorption extending to longer wavelengths. The VB of the ferrite catalyst shifts to 2.30 eV in substituted ferrite M2Z8 (x = 0.2) capable of hydroxyl radicals generation from H 2 O, which is difficult in parent ferrite without any Mg substitution. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and photo-current response analysis also reveal low impedance, higher charge flow and separation in case of M2Z8 catalyst which is reflected in the 99.1% SDZ degradation in 90 min with 73.2% total organic carbon removal in 120 min. Scavenging experiments confirm that hydroxyl radicals are main active species involved in degradation with Mg2+ and Fe3+ catalyzing the generation of hydroxyl radicals by undergoing redox process. LC-MS and TOC analysis confirm the drug mineralization. The work aims at fabricating solar active tunable photocatalysts for photo-degradation and mineralization of pharmaceutical pollutants using cost-effective approach. Unlabelled Image • Magnetic solar active nano-Zn 1-x Mg x Fe 2 O 4 photocatalyst-facile synthesis • Mg enhances the degradation rate and radical generation. • Shifting of CB and VB-Changed dynamics of radical generation • High performance degradation of sulfadiazine drug-visible and solar light • Mechanism elucidation, high mineralization and magnetic recovery [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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