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• A new viologen complex was successfully synthesized and characterized. • Under UV irradiation, the samples heated at 120 and 180℃showed different colors. • We construct a "AND" logic-gate strategy, different inputs lead to disparate results. Electron transfer is crucial for the rapid response of viologen-based complexes and investigating the factors that affect electron transfer has always been a major challenge. Herein, a new viologen-based complex, formulated as {[Zn 5 (cbbbc) 3 (BTC) 3 (μ 1 , 1 -OH)(H 2 O) 5 ]·22H 2 O} n , with a three-dimensional framework was successfully designed and synthesized by viologen ligand 1-(3-carboxybenzyl)-4,4′-bipyridinium chloride (Hcbbpy), trimesic acid (H 3 BTC) and Zn(NO 3) 2 ·6H 2 O. In particular, complex 1 does not exhibit photochromic properties. However, samples of complex 1 heated at 120 and 180 ℃ display tunable colors under UV light irradiation. The experimental results indicate that the compound's light response is less sensitive with higher water content in the lattice. The polarity and hydrogen bonding ability of lattice water in viologen-based complexes can interact with the donor of viologen, leading to a reduction in electron transfer. This study demonstrates the impact of lattice water on electron transfer in viologen-based complexes and offers insights for designing faster response complexes in the future. The light response of the complexes becomes less sensitive as the water content in the lattice increases. This is because the lattice water hinders the electron transfer of the complexes. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]