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[Objectives] This paper aimed to explore the effects of liquid nitrogen quick freezing and immersion chilling and freezing on the eating quality and volatile flavors of soft-boiled chicken. [Methods] The soft-boiled chickens were treated by air blast freezing(AF) with -18 ℃, liquid nitrogen quick freezing (NF) and immersion chilling freezing (ICF), and were stored in a freezer at -18 ℃ after the core temperature of the samples reached -18 ℃. After one month storage, the soft-boiled chickens were thawed to explore the effect of different freezing methods on the eating quality of soft-boiled chicken. [Results] The freezing rate of NF and ICF treatments was about 60 times and 15 times higher than that of AF treatment respectively; the thawing losses of NF and ICF treatments were 3.82% and 3.16%, respectively, and the thawing losses of NF and ICF treatments were reduced by more than 30% compared with that of AF treatment. NF and ICF treatments were effective in maintaining color and delaying the decrease of pH value during the freezing process. The MDA content of NF and ICF treatments was 0.55 and 0.44 mg·kg-1. The flavor contents after freezing and thawing were different from those of freshly cooked soft-boiled chicken. The sensory scores of NF and ICF treatments were significantly higher than those of AF treatment. [Conclusions] Both NF and ICF treatments could prevent the quality deterioration caused by blast freezing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives]Ascorbate peroxidase(APX)removes excess plant peroxides by using an electron donor from ascorbic acid,which is an essential mechanism in response to abiotic stress. The aim of the paper is to study the response of DcAPX gene in the process of resisitance to abiotic stress. [Methods]The DcAPX gene was cloned from carrot variety‘Kurodagosun’. Expression profiles under high and low temperature,drought,and salinity treatments were performed to further understand the roles of the gene in response to abiotic stress in carrot. The gene was submitted to GenBank and the accession number is KR364573. [Results]Sequence analysis indicated that the length of DcAPX gene was 753 bp,which encoded 250 amino acids. It is predicted that the relative molecular mass of its protein was 27.76×103,and pI was 5.65. Amino acid sequence comparison showed that the evolutionary relationship of DcAPX from carrot was close to Pimpinella brachycarpa,which both belong to the Apiaceae family. Structure analysis showed that DcAPX was made up of 38.40% alpha helix,10.40% extended strand,and 51.20% random coil. Analysis on three-dimension structure implied that the enzyme was composed of 10 alpha helixes and 4 beta sheets. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that carrot DcAPX gene was tissue-specific,and had the highest expression level in the leaf. [Conclusions]DcAPX gene was significantly induced by abiotic stress,and the gene may play important roles in resistance against abiotic stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]