1. Impact of Animal Characters at a Zoo Concession Stand on Healthy Food Sales
- Author
-
Henry Wolgast, Allison Karpyn, Katherine Tilley, Ginnie Sawyer-Morris, and Sara Grajeda
- Subjects
Restaurants ,030309 nutrition & dietetics ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Health Promotion ,Article ,Unit (housing) ,03 medical and health sciences ,symbols.namesake ,0302 clinical medicine ,Healthy food ,Animals ,Humans ,Revenue ,Obesity ,Sports and Recreational Facilities ,Poisson regression ,Marketing ,health care economics and organizations ,0303 health sciences ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Health Policy ,Consumer Behavior ,Social marketing ,Health promotion ,Diet quality ,Social Marketing ,symbols ,Animals, Zoo ,Business ,Diet, Healthy - Abstract
Objective The primary objectives of the study were to examine: 1) how increased availability of healthier items at a zoo concession stand affects sales and 2) how animal character marketing on zoo menu boards affects sales revenue. Methods An intervention was conducted over an 8-week period. On alternating weeks, zoo animal characters were systematically paired with and removed from healthy food items on a zoo concession menu board. Sales and revenue data were analyzed using frequencies, a Poisson regression model, and a negative binomial regression model, respectively. Results Newly introduced healthy items represented 8.2% of sales and 4.9% of revenue. Healthy item unit sales were significantly higher (P = .006) during the weeks animal cartoon characters were displayed, although there was no impact on revenue. Conclusions and Implications Findings suggest nonbranded character marketing is a viable strategy for promoting healthy products in family-friendly venues where concessions are sold.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF