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Purpose: The results of a survey concerning the status of oral and maxillofacial surgery resident training in oral implantology are discussed. Results: The results demonstrate that oral and maxillofacial surgery residents are exposed to a variety of implant types and systems, with most implant surgery being performed in association with intravenous sedation. The number of implants placed by each resident during training varied greatly. Conclusion: Most program directors believe that the implantology training of oral and maxillofacial surgery residents is superior or comparable to that of periodontal graduate students. However, this survey suggests that certain aspects of residency training in implantology, such as the performance of sinus lift procedures and participation in implant research, may require more emphasis.

3. Matz D: Retrospektive Studie iiber die Versorgung von Frakturen im Gesichtsbereich unter Beticksichtigung klinikrelevanter uncl sozialwirt schaftlicher Aspekte. Thesis, Medical Faculty University of Freiburg, Germany, 1997 4. Ellis E, Dean J: Rigid fixation of mandibular condyle fractures. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Path01 76:6, 1993 5. Zide MF, Kent JN: Indications for open reduction of mandibular condyle fractures. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 4189, 1983 6. Hall MB: Condylar fractures: Surgical management. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 52: 1189, 1994 7. Walker RV: Condylar fractures: Nonsurgical management. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 52:1185, 1994 8. Eckelt U, Gerber S: Zugschraubenosteosynthese bei Unterkiefergelenkfortsatzfrakturen mit einem neuartigen Osteosynthesebesteck. Zahn Mund Kieferheilk 69:485, 1981 9. Krenkel C: Axial “anchor” screw (lag screw with biconcave washer) or “slanted-screw” plate for osteosynthesis of fractures of the mandibular condyloid process. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 20:348, 1992 10. Koberg W, Momma WG: Treatment of fractures of the articular process by functional stable osteosynthesis using miniaturized dynamic compression plates. Int J Oral Surg 7:256, 1978 11. Moritz M, Niederdellmann H, Dammer R: Fractures condyli ennes mandibulaires: Traitement conservateur versus traitment chiiugical Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac 95:268, 1994 12. Steinhauser E: Eingrlffe am Processus articularis auf dem oralen Weg. Dtsch Zabn Z 19:694, 1964 13. Sasaki GH: Endoscopic forehead and perlorbital lift procedures, in Sasaki GH (eds): Endoscopic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery. Philadelphia, PA, Lippincott, 1996, p 45 14. Whipple TL: The role of arthroscopy in the treatment of intraarticular wrist fractures. Hand Clin 11: 13, 1995 15. Gulp RW, Osterman AL: Arthroscopic reduction and internal fixation of distal radius fractures. Orthop Clin North Am 26:739, 1995 16. Veselko M, Senekovic V, Tonin M: Simple and safe arthroscopic placement and removal of cannulated screw and washer for fixation of tibial avulsion fractures of the anterior cruciate ligament. Arthroscopy 12:259, 1996 17. Mlchel 0: Isolierte mediale Orbitawandfrakturen: Ergebnlsse einer minimal invasiven endoskopisch-kontrollierten endonasalen Operationstechnii. Laryngo-Rhino-Otol72:450, 1991 18. Neugebauer R: Gewebeschonende ventrale Kompressionsschrauben osteosynthese von Dens Frakturen mit endoskopischer Hilfe und speziellem Instrumentarium. Unfallchirurgie 94:313, 1991 19. Lee CH, Lee C, Trabulsy PP: Endoscopic-assisted repair of a malar fracture. Ann Plast Surg 37:178, 1996 20. Segezer M, Sadove RC, Deveci M: Frey’s syndrome following fracture of the mandibular condyle: A case report. Eur J Plast Surg 20:217, 1997 21. Antoniades K, Karakasis D, Elephtheriades J: Bitid mandibular condyle resulting from a sagittal fracture of the condylar head. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 31:124, 1993

physiological insulin doses for the basal and the meal-related needs (including understanding the differences of the different types of insulin pumps available and thus help patients choose the right pump for their needs). This course will include hands-on experience with the attendee wearing a pump and thus will facilitate the understanding of pump programming VII. Prescribing multiple injections using a long acting insulin analogue to provide the basal and mealrelated rapid acting insulins to provide the bolus injections VIII. Learning form continuous glucose monitoring profiles to adjust the does of insulin to achieve the target glucose levels (same as V above) IX. Altering the insulin doses for exercise X. Altering the insulin doses for unusual circumstances such as A. Steroid therapy B. Growth Hormone treatment C. Initiation of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy D. Acute sever illness E. Surgery XI. Special Situations A. Pregnancy B. Childhood C. Cystic fibrosis D. Elderly E. Renal Failure XII. Economic and Social Barrier to Success XIII. New technologies and discoveries A. Implanted pumps B. Implanted and external sensors C. Incretins D. Insulin sensitizers E. Transplantation i. Islets ii. Stem cell research iii. Whole pancreas transplantation XIV. NPO status and prolonged fasting

The sinus lift procedure with bone grafting was introduced by Tatum in 1975, ’ who described an alveolar crestal approach. Boyne and James were the first to describe the lateral osteotomy.2 Since this description in 1980 the lateral approach has been modified several times.3‘5 The technique of sinus lift may be difficult if aberrant sinus anatomy, such as a septum of the sinus floor, is encountered during surgical exposure. Radiating septa of varying sizes can form from the sinus floor in the intervals between adjacent teeth.6 These septa divide the sinus into two or more cavities.’ The septa are usually knife-edged and extend from the inner to the outer walls, reinforcing the osseous architecture of the antrum.8 The incidence of antral septa is unknown. Jensen and Greer infrequently encountered “abnormal sinus variations” in 15 patients who had 26 antral grafts.’ However, it is our personal experience that sinus septa are encountered during approximately 20% of sinus elevation procedures. If septa are not identified prior to the initiation of the sinus lift procedure, extreme difficulty may be encountered when attempting to infracture and elevate the bony window. Also, because the sinus membrane is strongly adherent to the septa, elevation without perforation may be difficult. 3,9 In addition, because a septum can divide the sinus into two separate compartments, opening into only one cavity may not allow adequate access for bone grafting. This report describes a modification of the standard sinus lift procedure when sinus septa are encountered.