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Objective: To assess the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in patients with Pemphigus Vulgaris. Methods: Observational studies reporting the prevalence of oral lesions in pemphigus vulgaris patients, without restriction to language and year of publication, were selected in a two‐phase process. Search strategies were applied to PubMed, Scopus, Livivo, Web of Science, LILACS, Google Scholar, and OpenGrey databases. Articles assessing the prevalence of oral lesions in patients with conditions other than pemphigus vulgaris were excluded. Risk of bias analysis was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute's Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data. Synthesis of results was calculated by the software R Statistics version 4.0.2 (The R Foundation). Confidence in cumulative evidence was assessed with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria. Results: From 1957 studies identified, 40 were included in qualitative synthesis and 38 in meta‐analyses. The pooled prevalence of patients with oral lesions solely or concurrent with other mucocutaneous lesions was 90.3%. The prevalence of patients with exclusive oral mucosal lesions was 50.8%. Risk of bias was considered low, and the certainty of evidence was very low. Conclusion: Oral lesions were present in approximately nine out of 10 patients with pemphigus vulgaris. The oral mucosa was the most common site of disease onset. Further longitudinal studies are urged to assess the prevalence of oral lesions at different disease stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background An epidemiological study on the oral mucosal lesions ( OMLs) in general population from China was scarce. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and distribution of OMLs in Shanghai, China and to evaluate their association with demographic factors and smoking/drinking habits based on a large scaled population on a wide spectrum. Methods In this population-based cross-sectional study, 11054 community-dwelling individuals (M/F: 5140/5914; age range, 1-96 years) were randomly selected and examined according to WHO criteria. Results The prevalence of OMLs was 10.8% in this study. A total of 1192 (M/F: 543/649; mean age, 56.9 years) individuals were presented with different types of OMLs. The most common type of OMLs was fissured tongue (prevalence of 3.15%), followed by recurrent aphthae (1.48%), traumatic ulcer (1.13%), and angular cheilitis (0.86%). The two most common potentially malignant disorders were oral lichen planus (0.81%) and leukoplakia (0.22%). Regression analysis revealed that the elderly age, smoking, and alcohol intake were statistically significant risk factors of OMLs with emphasis on leukokeratosis, leukoplakia, and lichen planus. Conclusion The prevalence and distribution of OMLs were elucidated in an eastern area of China, and the importance of tobacco and alcohol in the pathogenesis of OMLs was evidenced. Our data have provided baseline information about epidemiologic aspects of OMLs that can be valuable in organized program targeting on oral health and hygiene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

J Oral Pathol Med (2011) 40: 659-664 Background: Human immunodeficiency virus infection is a worldwide problem, which affects both developed and developing countries the same. Oral lesions related to this disease are important because they affect the patient's quality of life. In developed countries, these lesions are well classified, but fewer reports on this subject are available in developing countries. Regarding the wide range of oral lesions and lack of solid status in Iran, this study has been performed on the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions and related factors in human immunodeficiency virus positive/acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients referred to behavioural disease management centres of Shahid Beheshti University in 2008-2009, Tehran. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed by means of observations, clinical examination, completing questionnaire and also evaluating the 200 patients' medical records to find oral mucosal lesions. Sampling was made by sequential method and after recording the finding a SPSS (version 16) software, and ordinal regression, Fisher and k^2 tests were used to analyse the results. Results: One hundred and forty-nine of 200 human immunodeficiency virus positive/acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients (193 men and 7 women) had oral lesions (74.5%). Oral candidiasis (22%), linear gingival erythema (16.55%) and lymphadenopathy (13.5%) were the most common lesions. Conclusion: With respect to the resulted prevalence in this study (74.5%), early detection of oral lesions must be emphasized on the diagnosis and early management of human immunodeficiency virus positive/acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

J Oral Pathol Med (2010) 39: 672-676 Background: Because of delays in diagnosis, oral cancer usually presents for therapy at a late stage. Patients are unaware of having lesions as they are mostly asymptomatic and physicians generally do not examine the mouth sufficiently. People in rural areas or are underserved may not frequently visit the dentist who can easily pick up these lesions early. Screening programs are useful in that regard. Such programs in general are conducted by either inviting people to come to a screening center or by health care workers visiting the individual households. However, those who work during the day may not visit screening centers or be at home during the day of the screening by a visiting health care worker. Workplace screening overcomes these challenges. Methods: To assess the feasibility of a screening program to detect potentially pre-malignant oral disorders in a workplace in India, clinically visible mucosal lesions were compared with the clinical photographs of the same lesions assessed by an expert. Role of smoking, alcohol, and chewing betel quid and tobacco in the etiology of those lesions were assessed. Results: Sixty-nine percent of the eligible subjects participated in the screening ( n = 1613). Prevalence of leukoplakia was 5%. Bidi (OR = 35.6), and cigarette smoking (OR = 22.8), alcohol (OR = 17.6), and tobacco and areca nut chewing (OR = 7.5), were significantly associated with leukoplakia and erythroplakia (all P < 0.05). Conclusions: Conduction of a screening program by valid visual inspection to detect potentially malignant oral disorders within a workplace is not only feasible but also effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This report presents and contrasts the prevalence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) in 51 471 children and adolescents from two major studies: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994 (NHANES III) and the National Survey of Oral Health in USA Schoolchildren, 1986–1987 (OHSC), large USA studies based on multistage probability sampling.Prevalence proportions, 95% confidence limits and multivariate logistic regression models were constructed for point, 12-month, and lifetime RAS prevalence using SAS-callable SUDAAN 8.0.2.Examinations were performed on 51 471 children and adolescents. Point prevalence was 1.51% (NHANES III) and 1.21% (OHSC); annual prevalence was 19.84% (NHANES III); and lifetime prevalence was 40.18% (OHSC). Multivariate logistic models showed that being white, having a history of herpes labialis, (NHANES III), and being white and an adolescent (OHSC) were predictors of RAS.Caution should be used in interpreting 12-month and lifetime RAS prevalence based a subject's recall.J Oral Pathol Med(2004)33: 558–66 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of exfoliative cytology (EC) and DNA-image cytometry applied to suspicious oral lesions compared with synchronous histology. Brush- and scalpel biopsies were obtained from 98 patients with suspicious oral lesions. In cases, in which EC revealed malignant or suspicious cells, nuclear DNA-contents were measured using a TV image analysis system. Among 98 oral lesions both cytological and histological diagnosis showed no sign of malignancy or dysplasia in 75. In 23 cases cytology yielded tumor cell-positive (15), suspicious (four) or doubtful (four) results. DNA-cytometry showed aneuploidy in 19 of these. The comparison between cytological diagnosis combined with DNA-cytometry and biopsy-histology resulted in a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 97.4%. In conclusion, cytology with DNA-cytometry is a highly sensitive, specific and non-invasive method for the early diagnosis of oral epithelial neoplasia, showing excellent compliance among patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information on alcohol-associated oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) and conditions is meagre. A prevalence survey among alcohol misusers in south London was therefore undertaken. Six hundred and ninety-three subjects (388 alcohol misusers and 305 alcohol + substance abuse) attending several clinical care facilities in south London between 1994 and 1999 were interviewed on their alcohol and drug habits. A comprehensive oral mucosal examination was performed, and soft tissue lesions found were classified by the clinical criteria of Axéll. Mean age of the sample was 40.5 years. The majority was white (92.6%); of the whites, 29.9% were Celts (i.e. Irish, Scots resident in London). Many subjects reported misusing more than one type of beverage. Two hundred and twenty-seven OMLs were found in 195 subjects (28.1%). The highest prevalences were found for frictional keratosis (8.8%), scar tissue of the lips (4.8%) and candidiasis (3.8%). Angular cheilitis was present in 21 subjects (3.0%). The alcohol-related OMLs detected were three white patches compatible with a diagnosis of leukoplakia and one treated oral carcinoma. No erythroplakias were detected. The differences in prevalence of mucosal lesions in the two groups were not significant ( χ2 = 2.18; P = 0.14). The prevalence of tobacco smoking was high in both study groups. OMLs were found with all four types of beverages consumed, and there was little variation by the units per week consumed. Concurrent use of substances and alcohol did not make a significant difference to the prevalence of OML. In the logistic regression analysis, minority ethnic groups (Black or Asian), smokers, those with a body mass index (BMI) under 20 and beer drinkers had an increased risk of an OML in this group of alcohol misusers. In comparison with previous oral mucosal screening programmes undertaken in several settings in the UK, the present study has yielded a higher prevalence of oral mucosal diseases and conditions in this risk population. There are several ways in which alcohol could contribute to these detected oral lesions, either directly or indirectly. J Oral Pathol Med (2004) 33: 253–9 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Oral prevalence studies are important to know the state of health and the needs of treatment. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions and associated factors among aging Chileans.Methods: A random sample by age, gender, and socioeconomic status was obtained, comprising 889 individuals older than 65 years. Individuals were interviewed and examined in Santiago, the capital of Chile, according to the World Health Organization guidelines.Results: The prevalence of one or more oral mucosal lesions in the sample was 53%. Logistic regression model revealed that denture use increased the probability of one or more oral mucosal lesions by threefold, while age, gender, smoking, medication use, xerostomia, and social or cultural factors had no effect. The most common lesion was denture stomatitis (22.3%), followed by irritative hyperplasia (9.4%), oral mucosal varicosities (9%), solitary pigmented lesions (4%), traumatic ulcer (3.5%), angular cheilitis (2.9%), multiple pigmented lesions (2.8%), hemangioma (2.3%), lichen planus (2.1%), leukoplakia (1.7%), recurrent aphthous stomatitis (1.4%), nicotine stomatitis (1.3%), median rhomboid glossitis (0.9%), actinic cheilitis (0.9%), pyogenic granuloma (0.7%), oral squamous papiloma (0.6%), and mucocele (0.2%). One case of oral cancer was observed. Different factors increased the probability of specific oral mucosal pathologies.Conclusions: We can conclude that oral mucosal lesions are common in elderly people in Santiago, suggesting the necessity for improved standards of prevention, and diagnostic and opportune treatment of these lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions and conditions in a population in Ljubljana, capital of Slovenia. A total 1609 subjects represented the study population in the survey about the periodontal treatment needs in a population in Ljubljana, conducted from 1983 to 1987. Ten years later the same 1609 subjects were invited to the second examination. Altogether. 555 (34.5%) of the invited subjects in the age range 25-75 years came for an interview and clinical examination at the Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology of the Dental Clinic in Ljubljana. Oral mucosal lesions and conditions were evaluated according to the WHO Guide to Epidemiology and Diagnosis of Oral Mucosal Diseases and Conditions. The results showed the presence of one or more mucosal lesions in 61.6% of the population. Fordyce's condition was observed the most frequently (49.7%) followed by: fissured tongue (21.1%), varices (16.2%), history of herpes labialis (16.0%), history of recurrent aphthae (9.7%), denture stomatitis (4.3%), leukoplakia (3.1%). cheek biting (2.7%), lichen planus (2.3%), frictional keratosis (2.2%), geographic tongue (2.2%). geographic and fissured tongue together (1.1%), mucocele (0.9%). smoker's palate (0.5%) and angular chelitis (0.4%). In the population examined, no oral malignancies were observed. Mucosal lesions like whitish lesions, denture related lesions, fissured tongue. varices and mucocele were more prevalent with increasing age. Tobacco-related lesions (leukoplakia and smoker's palate together) were significantly more prevalent among men than among women (P<0.05), while lichen planus, denture stomatitis and herpes labialis occured more frequently in the female population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A randomly selected sample of adult subjects living in a Swedish county was examined for the presence of oral mucosal lesions. Nine hundred twenty (920, 95%) of the selected sample of 967 subjects, comprising approximately 0.75% of the total adult population, were examined; lesions were registered in 596 of the 920. The registered prevalence levels were very similar to earlier reported data from Sweden. Further, the relationship between tobacco habits and mucosal lesions was analyzed and the time needed for treatment of the lesions was estimated. A positive correlation could be demonstrated between tobacco use and leukoplakia, frictional white lesion, coated tongue, hairy tongue and excessive melanin pigmentation, while a negative correlation was observed for geographic tongue and aphthous ulcers. Approximately 70% of the lesions were associated with local irritants (e.g. dentures, tobacco, cheek and lip biting etc.). The estimated mean time required for registration and management of oral mucosal lesions in the studied group of adults was 24 rain per individual. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Nairobi (Kenya) 334 women prostitutes of whom 80.5% were HIV-1 positive, were examined for oral mucosal lesions; 15.6% of seropositive, and 4.6%, of seronegative, women had oral mucosal lesions, predominantly oral candidiasis. In the seropositives, 8.6% had erythematous. 1.1% had hyperplastic candidiasis, and 0.4% had hairly leukoplakia as the only oral lesions: 0.4% had a combination of erythematous and hyperplastic candidiasis. and 1.5% had combinations of pseudomembranous and erythematous candidiasis in the presence of hairly leukoplakia. Of the 211 seropositive women for whom we knew the first date on which a positive serologic test was obtained, the likelihood of developing an oral mucosal lesion was found to be dependent on the duration of seropositivity. The low incidence of oral mucosal lesions in this population may be due to the relatively recent acquisition of HIV-I infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]