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The article discusses the synthesis of the multiarmed and multicationic gemini surfactants that have pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol and adamantane cores. Colloidal properties of the gemini in water have been examined.

A study was conducted to characterize the synthesis and reactivity of the 5-fluorouracil/cytarabine mutual anti-cancer drugs. The rate constants for hydrolysis of ester in 10 and in 1a was analyzed at various pH values. A mutual prodrug analog was also determined with aniline replacing the ara-C unit. Results indicated that the anticancer drugs can be released by enzymatic hydrolysis. Findings also showed that the prodrugs support two labile groups linking the drugs to the spacer.

Research was conducted to examine chelated lithium phenolates using NMR and X-ray spectrometry. Lithium phenolates with carbonyl functionalities in both the 2 and 6 positions enabled the metal to chelate to two oxygens. It was also observed through dynamic NMR that lithium has the ability to oscillate between the two chelating sites. Results indicate that lithium is static toward oscillation and that lithium phenolates form dimeric or tetrameric aggregates having a trigonal or a tetrahedral metal geometry.

The approaches for the synthesis of defective phospholipids is discussed. The methods either involve termination of the short fatty acid ends of the phospholipids, displacement of the bromine group with methoxide, acylation of the carboxylic acids, or insertion of the phosphatidylcholine group at the very end of the sequences of the complete dimeric skeleton. The schemes for the preparation of eight new phospholipids are presented.

Polymers that serve as elimination catalysts in the dehydration of a beta-hydroxy ketone have been developed. These combinatorial polymers, which exhibit a slow induction as if 'learning' how to promote the elimination reaction, show that a previously described polymer which catalyzes a phosphate hydrolysis was not a rare occurrence. Results affirm that combinatorial polymeric catalysis is an interesting field that merits further study.

Solution and solid-phase syntheses of a cyanine dye conjugated to polystyrene beads (desired for potentially interesting electronic properties) are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A density functional theory (DFT) computational analysis, using the ωB97X-D functional, of a rapid amide cleavage in 2-carboxyphthalanilic acid (2CPA), where the amide group is flanked by two catalytic carboxyls, reveals key mechanistic information: (a) General base catalysis by a carboxylate coupled to general acid catalysis by a carboxyl is not operative. (b) Nucleophilic attack by a carboxylate on the amide carbonyl coupled to general acid catalysis at the amide oxygen can also be ruled out. (c) A mechanistic pathway that remains viable involves general acid proton delivery to the amide nitrogen by a carboxyl, while the other carboxylate engages in nucleophilic attack upon the amide carbonyl; a substantially unchanged amide carbonyl in the transition state; two concurrent bond-forming events; and a spatiotemporal-base rate acceleration. This mechanism is supported by molecular dynamic simulations which confirm a persistent key intramolecular hydrogen bonding. These theoretical conclusions, although not easily verified by experiment, are consistent with a bell-shaped pH/rate profile but are at odds with hydrolysis mechanisms in the classic literature.