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Objective To assess the frequency of different dermatoses in patients undergoing biopsy for a definitive diagnosis at a tertiary care hospital. Methods A total of 352 patients of both genders (who required biopsy for definitive diagnosis), 12 to 70 years of age were included. Patients with previous history of radiotherapy and chemotherapy were excluded. Biopsy was performed after taking consent from the patient or the guardian. Detailed examination of skin was performed for each patient, histopathological evaluation was done and recorded on predesigned proforma (attached). Frequency of various dermatoses were recorded as per-operational definition. Results Frequency of eczema dermatitis was found in 115 (32.67%) patients, papulosquamous disorders like psoriasis in 27 (7.67%), Infectious skin diseases like leishmania in 22 (38.54%), drug reaction in 18 (5.11%) and others diagnosis in 170 (48.30%) patients. Conclusion This study concluded that there should be early recognition and management of these disease in order to improve the quality of life of these particular patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the effect of seasonal variations in adult dermatoses at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore. Methods It was an observational study, conducted in Dermatology outdoor of Services Hospital Lahore. All patients of both genders above 15 years of age were included in this study. The pattern of dermatoses was assessed in four seasons i.e. winter, spring, summer and autumn. The data were analyzed using SPSS vs. 20. Role of effect modifiers was analyzed using Chi Square test. Results Total 6822 adults were managed in OPD. Infections (24.4%) were the commonest group of dermatoses, followed by infestations (17.2%) and eczemas (14.7%). Most of the cases in all categories of dermatoses were seen during summer season (42.1%), especially infections and infestations, followed by autumn (24.43%), spring (17.47%) and winter (16.02%). The difference of patterns among dermatoses was statistically significant (p value 0.00). Scabies was the commonest dermatosis (16.03%) followed by acne (9.08%) and hand eczema (5.98%). Conclusion Seasons have a significant impact on pattern of adult dermatoses reflecting aetiopathogenic role in causation of these diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To identify the pattern of various clinical presentations of skin disorders in pediatric patients of DHQ teaching hospital, Gujranwala for improving health care planning and management. Methods The query describes a descriptive, cross-sectional hospital-based study that included the patients of all genders and ages upto 14 years who visited the Dermatology Outpatient Department within a year. The diagnoses of patients were confirmed after detailed history, examinations and necessary investigations. Results 9,526 children presented to the Dermatology Department. Out of those, 43% were males and 57% were females. Mean age noted was 5.5 years with standard deviation of 3.2 years. Scabies (32.2%), eczema (16.6%), tinea (13.4%), seborrheic dermatitis (4.3 %), furunculosis (4.0%), impetigo (3.7%), urticaria (3.0%), vitiligo (2.8%), diaper candidiasis (2.6%), viral exanthemas (2.0%), carbuncle (1.9%), atopic dermatitis (1.7%), molluscum contagiosum (1.5%), alopecia areata (1.5%) and pityriasis versicolor (1.3%) were included in the group of more common dermatoses. Rest of dermatoses were divided into less commom (6.3%) and rare dermatoses (1.2%). Conclusion There should be collaboration between pediatrician and dermatologist for the early diagnosis and management of most commonly observed dermatoses. It will reduce a lot of burden on our health care system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Skin disorders are common in adolescents. The visibility of skin disorders in the psychologically and emotionally vulnerable age of adolescence has a major impact on their quality of life. This study was conducted to know the pattern of dermatoses in adolescents. Methods Four hundred adolescents aged between 10 to 19 years of either sex attending Dermatology out patient department between July 2021 to June 2022 were included in the sudy. Results Out of 400 adolescents, 189 were boys 211 were girls. Infectious dermatoses were most common (38.8%), followed by acne (22.5%), eczemas (12%), pigmentary disorders (5.5%), urticaria (5%), papulosquamous disorders (3.5%), insect bite reactions (3.3%), photodermatoses (2.8%), congenital dermatoses (1.5%), connective tissue disorders (0.5%) and others (4.7%). Conclusion Infectious dermatoses, mainly Fungal and viral infections, acne and eczemas were common among adolescents in our study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Skin diseases in underprivileged populations are under-estimated. Prisons may harbour several dermatoses due to congestion and neglected hygienic conditions of their inhabitants. This may further aggravate their misery and psychological health. No study addressing skin disorders in this population has been conducted in our part of the world. Objective To analyse the pattern of various skin disorders among prison inmates. Methods Clinical data of male prisoners of Central Jail Lahore seen from 2016 to 2021 were retrospectively analysed in this cross-sectional study. Frequencies and patterns of their skin diseases were studied and grouped according to their ages. Results A total of 194 inmates were seen. The most commonly observed skin disease was scabies, followed by tinea pedis and acne. The mean age of the patients was 41.78±10.9 years. Most (57.2%) of the patients were less than 40 years of age. The frequencies of skin disorders observed were as follows: Infections and infestations (53.1%), eczematous disorders (23.2%), autoimmune disorders (5.7%), disorders of pigmentation and solar damage (3.6%) and miscellaneous diseases (14.4%). Among infections, scabies was most frequently seen (42.8%), followed by fungal (38.8%), viral (12.6%) and bacterial infections (5.8%). Conclusion Infestations and infections are the commonest dermatological conditions observed among inmates, probably due to overcrowding and poor hygienic conditions prevalent in jails. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The skin is an external reflection of many renal pathologies and hence serves as an important tool for the clinician. Mucocutaneous manifestations are commonly observed among patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis. Objective To estimate the frequency of dermatoses in patients undergoing hemdialysis. Study design Descriptive study. Place and duration of study Dialysis Centre, Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore from 01.06.18 to 30.11.18. Materials and Methods One hundred and seventy seven patients of chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis of both genders irrespective of dialysis duration were observed for various dermatoses. Results There were 109 (61.6%) males and 68 (38.4%) females and male to female ratio was 1.6:1. The age of patients ranged from 11-75 years with the mean age being 45.80±14.30 years. One hundred and twenty patients were found to have skin problems. Xerosis was most common (37.9%) followed by pruritus (30.5%) while diffuse hyperpigmentation was seen in 20.3% of patients. Among the nail findings were onychomycosis (2.8%), Beau’s lines (3.4%). Hair changes such as sparse scalp hair and dry lusterless hair were seen in 10.2% and 1.7% of cases respectively. Other cutaneous findings observed were pallor 5.1%, ichthyosis vulgaris 2.3%, cellulitis 0.6%, bullous eruption at site of AV fistula 0.6%, seborrheic dermatitis 0.6%, scabies 1.1%, Schambergs’ disease 0.6%, calcinosis cutis 1.1%, paronychia 1.1%, angular cheilitis 0.6% and keratosis pilaris 0.6%. Conclusion A broad range of dermatoses occur in patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis. Many of them negatively impact on quality of life. Their early recognition and treatment are essential in reducing morbidity and mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To determine the clinical pattern and incidence of various skin changes of pregnancy. Methods All pregnant females reporting to antenatal clinic of SGT Medical College and Hospital during the period of one year were included in this study. Results A total of 341 pregnant women were enrolled in the present one year long study out of which 194 (56.9%) were primigravidas and 147 (43.1%) were multigravidas. Maximum incidence of 78% was found in the age group between 15-25 years of age. Physiological changes were seen in all the pregnant females while dermatoses affected by pregnancy were reported in only 12.3% cases. Dermatoses specific for pregnancy were found in 7.9% cases. Conclusion Clinicians must be able to distinguish physiological changes of pregnancy from several other dermatoses that can present during the period of pregnancy in order to provide timely management and thus reducing maternal and fetal morbidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To document the frequency of specific and other dermatoses in pregnancy. Methods Two hundred and twenty five consecutive pregnant patients irrespective of the duration of pregnancy and gravidity reporting to our skin OPD were enrolled in the study. Out of them, 218 patients who gave consent were included in the study. Results The specific dermatoses of pregnancy were subclassified into four main groups -- atopic eruption of pregnancy (AEP), polymorphic eruption of pregnancy (syn. pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy) [PEP], pemphigoid gestationis (PG), intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). 39 (68.4%) patients belonged to AEP, 14 (24.5%) to PEP, and 1 (1.8%) to PG and 3 (5.2%) to ICP. About half of the patients with AEP were found to have raised IgE level. Five STD patients were reported in the first trimester, 2 in second and 7 in third trimester. Patients reported with molluscum contagiosum (4), genital herpes (4), condyloma acuminata (3), primary chancre (1) and condyloma lata (1). One patient with molluscum contagiosum was HIV positive. Among the non STD other dermatoses in pregnancy, scabies topped the list affecting in all trimesters. Fungal infections (tinea and pityriasis versicolor) was a close second. One case each of pompholyx, psoriasis, and leprosy reported to us. Conclusion Early diagnosis of specific dermatosis of pregnancy may prevent harmful effect on mother and fetus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]