1. Clinically Mild Encephalitis/Encephalopathy With a Reversible Splenial Lesion Accompanied by Epstein-Barr Virus Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
- Author
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Tsukasa Tanaka, Daiichiro Hasegawa, Ken-Ichi Imadome, Hiroki Takeda, Azusa Maruyama, Takehito Yokoi, Hiroaki Nagase, Yoshiyuki Uetani, Yoshiyuki Kosaka, Hiroshi Yamaguchi, and Toshiaki Ishida
- Subjects
Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ,Central nervous system ,Encephalopathy ,Neuroimaging ,medicine.disease_cause ,Methylprednisolone ,Dexamethasone ,Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ,Corpus Callosum ,Lesion ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pharmacotherapy ,Bone Marrow ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,medicine ,Humans ,Etoposide ,Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis ,business.industry ,Delirium ,Hematology ,medicine.disease ,Prognosis ,Epstein–Barr virus ,Virology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Oncology ,Pulse Therapy, Drug ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Cyclosporine ,Encephalitis ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Splenial ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Hyponatremia - Abstract
Central nervous system involvement in hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is associated with a poor outcome. For such patients, it is unknown whether more aggressive therapies, such as intrathecal methotrexate or hydrocortisone, are inevitably required. We present a very rare case of 3-year-old Japanese girl who developed mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion, accompanied by Epstein-Barr virus-associated HLH, and review previous similar reports. Our case and previous reports suggest that mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion accompanied by Epstein-Barr virus-associated HLH has a relatively good prognosis, even in the absence of intrathecal treatments.
- Published
- 2016