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Objectives The technical cost analysis, in order to highlight expensive medicines, is an important factor in the administration of health units. The purpose of the study is to analyse the annual pharmaceutical expenditures in NHS hospitals and to investigate the therapeutic categories requiring greater supervisory, for years 2013-2014. Methods The study was conducted at 19 public hospitals (9900 beds) and the data of annual consumption and expenditure incurred on each medicine using ATC classification were collected via observe.net web system and then arranged in descending order based on the Pareto principle. Key findings ABC analysis revealed that 21% (J, B, L) items (at ATC-1 level) represented class A amounting for nearly 80% (91 150 641 euros) of annual NHS pharmaceutical expenditure. Furthermore, approximately 9% (30) items (at ATC-4 level) represents class A, accounting for nearly 70% of annual pharmaceutical expenditures for year 2013, and 11% of items are responsible for nearly 80% of cumulative ADE for year 2014. Conclusions The inventory control is an effective measure for cost management of pharmaceutical expenditure by identifying the drugs requiring stringent control for rational use of funds in public hospitals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives This study was conducted to assess the National Health Insurance Fund ( NHIF) program in Sudan in terms of the expenditure trends over the period of 5 years (2006 and 2010), their value of usage and the pattern of medicines expenditure. Methods The standard tools for analysing aggregate medicine data ( ABC and VEN) analysis were used. The total value of consumption was calculated by multiplying quantities by unit cost, and the total values sorted in descending order. The percentage of total value for each item was calculated. Similarly, for Vital, Essential and Non-essential (VEN) analysis, the NHIF medicine lists (2006 and 2007) were classified as vital, essential or non-essential medicines (based on explanatory statement for physician, medical doctors and pharmacists). Key findings ABC analysis showed that small number of items ( n = 80, 16.98%) in Class A account for large proportion of the fund (70.19%), whereas large number of items ( n = 288, 61.15%) of Class C account only for 9.92% of the total fund. Similarly, the VEN analysis showed that small number of items ( n = 11, 2.34%) of Class V account for 5.46%, whereas Class N consists of 212 (45.01%) items that account for 26.43% of the total fund. The medicine class that accounted for the highest expenditure were medicines related to general anti-infectives for systemic use (40.37%) and it made the largest contribution to increases in the total medicine expenditure (48.59%). Conclusions The findings reveal that relatively small number of items accounts for most of the value of the supply fund and non-essential items represent around half of number of NHIF items and account for around quarter of the total fund. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]