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Background: Community water fluoridation is a well-recognized public health initiative known for its efficacy in preventing dental cavities. The positive effects of fluoride on tooth enamel have led to widespread implementation of water fluoridation programs. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 1,000 participants from diverse age groups, spanning children, adolescents, adults, and older adults, residing in both fluoridated and non-fluoridated communities. Comprehensive periodontal assessments included measurements of probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and the presence of gingival inflammation. Participants were categorized into "fluoridated" or "non-fluoridated" groups based on their residential history. Results: Fluoridated communities consistently displayed lower mean PDs, CALs, and rates of gingival inflammation across all age groups. Notably, the reduction in PD and CAL reached approximately 0.5 millimeters and 0.3 millimeters, respectively, while the decrease in gingival inflammation ranged from 3% to 5%. Conclusion: This study suggests a potential link between community water fluoridation and enhanced periodontal health, as evidenced by improved PDs, CALs, and reduced gingival inflammation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Minimally invasive dentistry (MID) includes caries detection using caries risk assessment (CRA), early localization of nascent carious sores including necessary and voluntary avoidance, and remineralization of demineralized veneer and dentin when diagnosed early for these reasons. Although the dentistry curriculum prioritizes the benefits of MID in tooth protection, this research is seldom included in classroom instruction. Aim: The purpose of this research was to gauge the level of understanding that dental professionals have about MID ideas. Methods: An online questionnaire measuring MID knowledge and application was used to compile the data. The Chi-square tests were run for statistical analysis in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: Just 42.2% of the dentists who replied had MID training during their undergraduate or internship years, and the majority of that training came via lectures (45.2%). The majority (almost 81%) of respondents believed that CRA should be performed on all patients. Differences in knowledge and experience with atraumatic restorative therapy and the sandwich approach for treating caries in permanent teeth and high caries risk children were shown to be statistically significant (P 0.05). Conclusion: Dentists know about the benefits of MID, but their patients are not reaping those benefits since so many dentists still use the old methods of treating complete caries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: These results are from research conducted on a sample of healthy school-aged children (ages 6-12) to determine whether or not there is a correlation between BMI, dental caries, and food. Method: About 500 kids are a part of the study. A stature meter was used to get the tallest possible measurement, and a small electronic scale was used to get the smallest possible weight. Body mass index was determined using the standard CDC growth charts (2000). The presence of caries was evaluated using an intraoral examination guided by WHO (1997) standards. For three days in a row, including the weekend, participants recorded what they ate and drank. Result: It was discovered that there is a huge gap in the body mass index (BMI) categories between sexes, with the vast majority of persons falling into the average weight category. The deft and DMFT caries scores of young men and women did not significantly differ across any of the BMI-for-age categories (P > 0.05). Consumption of supplements on a daily basis did not vary significantly between the BMI-for-age categories (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Pediatric dentists should play an active role in reducing this worldwide epidemic since pediatric obesity and dental caries have comparable causes and necessitate an all-encompassing, coordinated care strategy from interdisciplinary medical teams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Er:YAG) laser has been revealed to effectively ablate dental hard tissues, and its utilisation to caries eradication and cavity preparation is envisaged. Nevertheless, only a limited research has been performed on the Er:YAG laser's capacity to treat caries. Aim and Objectives: The efficiency of caries elimination with an Er:YAG laser in vitro was equated to that of traditional mechanical therapy in this study. Methodology: The investigation made use of teeth that had suffered from root caries. The Er:YAG laser was used to treat half of each tooth, while the other half was either removed with a conventional bur or left untouched as a control. Each therapy was evaluated in terms of how long it took to remove cavities, histological examinations of decalcified serial sections, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses and the density of the dentin. Result: A longer treatment time was required for the Er:YAG laser to completely eradicate carious dentin because of its precise irradiation strategy. However, the Er:YAG laser was effective in removing diseased and softening carious dentin with little heat injury to neighbouring intact dentin, much as the bur treatment. It was also shown that the Er:YAG laser treatment had a lower amount of vibration than other methods. The SEM study of the lased dentin surface revealed characteristic micro-irregularities. Conclusion: The Er:YAG laser system appears to be a potential novel technical option for caries therapy, based on our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The incidence of dental caries and gingival disease is at higher level in orthodontic patients. The present study demonstrated oral health status of patients undergoing fixed orthodontics. Methodology: A total of 168 patients age ranged 12–17 years who were undergoing orthodontic treatment for 2 years of both genders were recruited. The assessment of dental caries as Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) score and plaque index was determined at first, second, and last visits. Results: Age 12 years had 22 males and 28 females, 13 years had 14 males and 22 females, 14 years had 8 males and 18 females, 15 years had 7 males and 15 females, 16 years had 6 males and 14 females, and 17 years had 9 males and 5 females. The mean DMFT score in age group 12 years was 1.74 and 2.24 at first and third visits, respectively, at 13 years was 1.60 and 2.04 at first and third visits, respectively, at 14 years was 2.38 and 2.72 at first and third visits, respectively, at 15 years was 1.74 and 2.08, at 16 years was 3.32 and 3.56 and at 17 years was 3.40, and 3.64 at first and third visits, respectively. Conclusion: There was significant higher dental caries and plaque index in age group 12 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dental caries is a chronic, widespread, and infectious disease affecting the large population. Anticariogenic effects of different herbs and natural products are observed, cinnamon among these, showed the ability to inhibit Streptococcus mutans biofilm. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the cinnamon water extract use on nicotine exposed S. mutans biolfilms. Materials and Methods: Microtiter plates having S. mutans culture were treated using varying nicotine concentration range (0-32 mg/ml). These were then either subjected to cinnamon water (2.5 mg/ml) extract or no treatment and analyzed using a spectrophotometer to see planktonic growth, total growth absorbance, and biofilm formation. Results: About 2.5 mg/ml of cinnamon water inhibits the S. mutans biofilm (nicotine-induced) considerably at various nicotine levels (0-32 mg/ml). Conclusion: Cinnamon water extract has a powerful inhibitory effect for S. mutans growth. Nicotine-induced S. mutans growth is markedly reduced by treating with cinnamon water extract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]