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Statement of Problem: The gingival zenith (GZ) influences the line angle position in the emergence profile and the axial inclination of the crown. Irregularities in GZ symmetry and contour have a negative impact on dental esthetics. GZ location is not consistently distal to the crown's long axis; instead, it tends to be more distal in anterior teeth. The GZ levelling of the lateral incisor is often described as either level with or slightly above the zenith line connecting the central incisor and canine teeth, but there are also reports of GZ being aligned apically to the zenith line. Controversial reports persist regarding GZ positioning, magnitude, and location, potentially leading to inadequate positioning and levelling of the GZ in esthetic restorative therapy., Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the scientific evidence related to GZ level, position, and symmetry in maxillary incisors and canines., Material and Methods: This study adhered to the population, variable, outcome (PVO) criteria and the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) checklist. Cross-sectional studies involving healthy adults with complete dentition of the maxillary anterior sextant were subjected to prevalence analysis and quantitative measurement to assess the gingival zenith level and position. Data were extracted, and methodological quality was appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for analytical cross-sectional studies. Certainty of evidence was evaluated through the grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) system., Results: The GZs were distally positioned, coinciding with the tooth axis or mesially positioned in, respectively, 96%, 3%, and 1% on central incisors; 84%, 14%, and 1% on lateral incisors; and 43%, 44%, and 5% on canines. GZ distal positioning was greater in central incisors, followed by lateral incisors and canines. In lateral incisors, the GZ was levelled coronally in 82% of the population. Contralateral symmetry was observed for GZ levelling and positioning. The certainty of the evidence was very low for all comparisons., Conclusions: The frequency and magnitude of the distal position of the GZ increased the more anterior the tooth. Axially, the GZ was frequently levelled coronally to the zenith line. The contralateral positioning and levelling of the GZ was symmetrical., (Copyright © 2024 Editorial Council for The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

A diastema between the maxillary central incisors affects an esthetic smile and has been treated in various ways. Precise diagnosis is essential to guide the choice of the most appropriate treatment. This clinical report describes closing a maxillary midline diastema with a computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) composite resin., (Copyright © 2020 Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Statement of Problem: Unsatisfactory adaptation of restorations with subgingival margins can cause problems such as accumulation of biofilm, secondary caries, and inflammation of the periodontal tissue. Therefore, special attention should be given to gingival displacement and impression procedures to optimize marginal fit., Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare gingival displacement with conventional cords and cordless techniques and determine the reliability of the measurement methodologies., Material and Methods: This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and identified studies through September 2018. The studies were submitted to the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment. The gingival displacement was evaluated by using the Review Manager Software., Results: Nine studies were selected, and the most common risks of bias were random sequence generation, blinding of outcome assessment, and absence of sample size calculation. Most of the studies reported obtaining a width greater than 0.2 mm., Conclusions: The cord technique resulted in increased displacement when compared with the cordless technique. The evaluation of sulcular width with digital microscope images obtained from sectioned gypsum casts is an adequate and versatile experimental methodology for measuring displacement., (Copyright © 2019 Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Statement of Problem: Veneer chipping and crown decementation are the most frequent failures in restorations using zirconia as an infrastructure. Increasing the roughness of the zirconia surface has been suggested to address this problem., Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal surface roughness, produced with aluminum oxide airborne-particle abrasion and the erbium yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG), neodymium-doped YAG, or CO 2 lasers., Material and Methods: This study was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. The review identified relevant studies through December 2017 with no limit on the publication year in the search databases: Web of Science, Scopus, and MEDLINE via PubMed. The selected studies were submitted to a risk of bias assessment. The means and standard deviations of roughness were evaluated for the meta-analysis using Review Manager software., Results: The 17 studies that met all inclusion criteria presented a medium risk of bias. All the treatment methods tested were able to create a roughness on the yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal surface. The I 2 test values presented a high heterogeneity among the studies., Conclusions: The presintered specimens submitted to airborne-particle abrasion had higher surface roughness compared with abrasion after the sintering process. Irradiation with the neodymium-doped YAG and CO 2 lasers was destructive to the zirconia surfaces. The erbium laser used with lower energy intensity appears to be a promising method for surface treatment., (Copyright © 2018 Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)