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Background: To observe the effects of Pomegranate juice (PJ) and Pomegranate peel extract (PPE) on glomerular transvertical diameter in steroid induced mice kidney damage. Methods: In this experimental study forty healthy adult mice (BALB/c strain), average weighing 25-30 gms were divided into four groups, having ten mice each. Control group A received only standard laboratory diet without alteration.Experimental groups B, C and D were injected ND (Nandrolone decanoate) (1 mg/100 gm body weight), intramuscularly (I/M), in the hind limb once a week for 8 weeks. Experimental group C was also given PJ (3ml/kg body weight) by oral gavage tube daily for 8 weeks and experimental group D was given PPE (200mg/kg body weight) through oral gavage tube,daily for 8 weeks.After the experimental period, the animals were sacrificed and both kidneys of all mice were obtained. Kidneys were processed, embedded and stained for histological study by using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) stains. The results were compiled and compared. Results: After ND administration, glomerular diameter was significantly reduced in experimental group B when compared to control group A.Protective effects were seen when comparison of experimental group B was done with PJ and PPE administered experimental groups C and D, respectively. When results of experimental groups C and D were compared with each other no statistical significance was present. Conclusion: Both forms of Pomegranate has ameliorative effects on glomerular transvertical diameter in steroid induced mice kidney disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To evaluate the effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus on fatigability of soleus (slow) and extensor digitorium longus (EDL) (fast) muscles of female Sprague Dawley rats. Methods:Twenty healthy female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 2 groups with 10 rats each. Group I (control) was fed with normal diet and group II (diabetic) was given high fat diet. Group II was given intra-peritoneal streptozotocin(STZ) (35mg/kg body weight) on 15th day. Body weight, blood glucose and TG:HDL ratio were estimated on 21st day to confirm type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) induction. Soleus and extensor digitorium longus (EDL) muscles were removed intact and fixed in organ bath system containing Krebs-Ringer buffer solution and connected to data acquisition unit (iWorx®) to study their contractile and fatigability parameters. Results: Soleus and extensor digotorium longus muscles of female diabetic rats displayed significantly (p<0.05) increased fatigability. Conclusions:Fatigability of slow (soleus) and fast (EDL) muscles increases in T2DM.There occurs reduction in resistance to and recovery from fatigue in both slow and fast skeletal muscles of type 2 diabetic female Sprague Dawley rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]