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Dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM) are representative idiopathic inflammatory myopathies characterized by symmetric and progressive proximal muscle weakness. Especially, DM is identified by characteristic skin lesions and has many extramuscular manifestations including various cardiac abnormalities, interstitial lung disease, and malignancy. However, involvement of peripheral nervous system in DM/PM is very rare and less known. The term “Neuromyositis” was introduced by Senator in 1893 to describe the concomitant involvement of the peripheral nervous system in DM/PM. Since then, a very few cases of neuromyositis have been reported mainly in the United States and Europe. Therefore, the pathogenetic mechanism and disease progression are unclear. In recent years, a few more cases were reported in Asia, specifically, China and Japan; however, none in Korea. Here, we describe a case of DM-associated neuromyositis in a 42-year-old man in Korea and review previous publications through literature research. (J Rheum Dis 2019;26:211-218)

Objective. To estimate the prevalence of non-adherence to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) medication and identify the associated factors for non-adherence in RA patients. Methods. Among the KORean Observational study Network for Arthritis 3,523 patients who completed a questionnaire about the adherence to RA medication were analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups: 1) adherent group, patients who skipped medication ≤5 days within the past 2 months; and 2) non-adherent group, patients who skipped ≥6 days of medication. The baseline characteristics were compared, and multivariable regression analysis was performed to identify the associated factors for non-adherence. Results. The non-adherent group had 339 patients (9.6%). The common causes of non-adherence were forgetfulness (45.8%), absence of RA symptoms (24.7%), and discomfort with RA medication (13.1%). Younger age (odds ratio [OR] 1.02, p＜0.01) and higher income (OR 1.70, p＜0.01) were associated with an increased risk of non-adherence. Whereas higher functional disability (OR 0.68, p＜0.01) and oral corticosteroid use (OR 0.73, p=0.02) were associated with a decreased risk of non-adherence. The associated factors differed according to cause of non-adherence. Having adverse events (OR 2.65, p=0.02) was associated with the risk of non-adherence due to discomfort with RA medication while a higher level of education (OR 2.37, p=0.03) was associated with the risk of non-adherence due to an absence of RA symptoms. Conclusion. The 9.6% of Korean RA patients were non-adherent to RA medication. The associated factors differed according to the cause of non-adherence. Therefore, an individualized approach will be needed to improve the adherence to RA medication. (J Rheum Dis 2018;25:47-57)

Objective. The objective of this study is to assess whether genetic functional variants of disintegrin and metalloprotease 33 (ADAM33) are associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a Korean population. Methods. We pre- viously identified 48 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ADAM33. Six SNPs were selected with regard to the linkage disequilibrium pattern. An association study of ADAM33 was conducted in 190 patients with SLE and 469 control subjects. SNPs were genotyped using the TaqMan Real-time polymerase chain reaction method, and haplotype analyses of related var- iants were performed. Results. All SNPs were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Significant associations were found between the ADAM33 polymorphisms and SLE at rs2787094 (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.88, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00 to 3.54; p< 0.0001). The rs554743 polymorphism was associated with the presence of the immunoglobulin M anti-cardiolipin antibody (adjusted OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.83; p=0.021). Conclusion. ADAM33 polymorphisms were associated with susceptibility to SLE and development of clinical disease manifestations in a Korean population. Further study is warranted to clarify the role of ADAM33 in SLE pathogenesis. (J Rheum Dis 2016;23:88-95)

Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Unversity College of Medicine 2 , Seoul, Department of Rheumatology, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Division of Rheumatology, Daejeon Rheumatoid & Degenerative Arthritis Center, Chungnam National University 4 , Daejeon, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea

Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Seoul St Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine 4 , Daegu, Seoul National University Hospital 5 , Seoul, Korea, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton 6 , New Jersey, USA

Infliximab is a chimeric mouse/human monoclonal antibody against tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) that is used worldwide to treat rheumatic disease. However, the reactivation of tuberculosis, including extrapulmonary menifestation, is a severe side effect of anti-TNF-α treatment. Mycobacterium tubercluosis causes two forms of joint involvement, TB arthritis and Poncet's disease. Poncet’s disease is a rare aseptic form of arthritis, known as reactive arthritis in tuberculosis. We encountered a case of tuberculous peritonitis with Poncet’s disease in a 38-yearold man with a history of ankylosing spondylitis that was treated with infliximab. We report this case with a review of the literature.