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This paper outlines a new framework for the historical study of Rome and Italy during the middle republican period. We argue that traditional approaches centred upon social struggles at home and battles abroad, res domi militiaeque, do not sufficiently capture the dynamism of Roman society during the early stages of imperial expansion. Recent scholarship has been rightly critical of the appropriateness of applying concepts of Hellenisation to the period, as Rome's interactions with Magna Graecia and the Greek East in the fourth and third centuries look very different than they would in subsequent centuries. Moving in a new direction, we sketch the contours of an approach that foregrounds the many connectivities (temporal, geographical, methodological, historical) apparent from the interdisciplinary study of middle republican Rome and Italy. The result encourages a new mode of historical inquiry into the development of middle republican Rome and Italy, one which sees Rome already in this moment as both expansively interconnected with and actively involved in wider Mediterranean and Eurasian history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigates the impact of the closing of the Athenian Neoplatonic school on Athenian Philosophical teaching during A.D. 529 under the power of the Roman Empire. Reasons why emperor Justinian ordered the closing of the school; Functions of the school; History of the establishment of the institution; Limitations in the accounts of historian John Malalas about the closing of the school.

Examines ancient history, with reference to the early fourth century, Anno Domini, (A.D.), focusing on ancient images. Description of images; Interpretation of ancient portraits.