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A total of four time surveys on water quality and its phytoplankton of Dianshan Lake in Shanghai, China were carried out in January, April, July and October 2019. Phytoplanktonic index of biotic integrity(P-IBI)was constructed to assess the water health condition of Dianshan Lake. The comprehensive nutritional status index(TSI)is used to determine the reference sites and the impaired sites, 19 biological indexes with widely application and high selection rates were used as candidate biological indexes, and the candidate indexes were tested for the distribution, discriminant analysis, correlation analysis. Finally,five parameters composing the P-IBI of Dianshan Lake were obtained:number of diatom species, phytoplankton richness index, percentage of Chlorophyta density,percentage of Cryptophyta density,and total phytoplankton biomass. P-IBI was used to evaluate the ecosystem health of the lake. On the whole, Dianshan Lake is in the state of sub-healthy. Among them, there are one, eight and three points in the healthy, sub-healthy and good state respectively. It is sub-healthy when in spring and winter, and good when in summer and autumn. P-IBI has a very significant positive correlation with water transparency(SD),and a very significant negative correlation with Chlorophyll a(Chl a)and total phosphorus(TP).

Lugu Lake is the third largest deep-water lake in China, the lake basin is complex in its shape, with many peninsulas, islets and bays. It has high habitat diversity and transparency which is up to 12.5 m. The water quality reaches Class I levels according to the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water(GB 3838-2002).A comprehensive survey of diatoms was made in Lugu Lake. A total of 111 taxa of diatoms were identified, including 103 species and 8 varieties, which belong to 2 classes, 6 orders, 10 families and 51 genera. And of these taxa 2 genera 2 species were newly recorded from China, namely Aneumastus minor and Placoneis humilis. For the two newly recorded species, the morphological characteristics, habitats and distributions were described in detail in this article.

Skeletonema is a globally distributed wide-temperature and wide-salt planktonic diatom genus.It is frequently found in coastal estuaries and marine environments.In recent years, it has also appeared in freshwater.The species of Skeletonema can be used as bait, biodiesel feedstock and cancer drug candidates, and it is also a type of algae that can cause red tides.This article reviewed the research progress of Skeletonema in systematic taxonomy, ecology, and physiology, their research prospections were given as well.

Through the tissue separation, purification and molecular biological identification technologies, it was confirmed that the pathogenic fungus which caused a new disease of strawberry leaves is Pestalotiopsis. Using pure water as a blank control, ozone waters of different concentrations were sprayed to pathogenic fungus directly and to strawberry leaf surface in its growing period.The concentration effects of ozone water on pathogenic fungus and strawberry leaves were studied respectively.The results showed that:lower concentration ozone water(0.5-0.8 mg · L-1) has little effect on the physiological and ecological changes of strawberry plants and on the growth of pathogenic fungus; medium concentration ozone water(2.2-2.5 mg·L-1) can significantly inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungus and promote the growth of strawberry; higher concentration ozone water(4.0-4.3 mg·L-1) can well inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungus.However,it has a serious corrosion effect on strawberry leaves.Therefore,the medium concentration(2.2-2.5 mg·L-1) is the most suitable ozone water concentration for spraying on strawberry, which can be used in practical production to effectively prevent and control strawberry fungal diseases.

The effects of temperature,illumination and initial algae cell density on growth and competition of Microcystis aeruginosa,Merismopedia minima and Pseudanabaenamucicola were studied by the method of single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment.The results showed that both M.aeruginosa and M.minimacould grow optimally under higher temperature and/or higher illumination.P.mucicola has competitive advantage only under lower temperature and lower illumination.Under the same temperature and illumination conditions,the initial density of algae cells is the key factor for competing the dominant species position.In addition to controlling the input of nutrients and other pollutants,paying attention to the changes of phytoplankton community structure,controlling and reducing the biomass of cyanobacteria before the water blooms may be another effective way to control cyanobacterial blooms in freshwater lakes or reservoirs.

This research studied the influences of different cultivation methods,i.c.soil cultivation and soilless cultivation (substrate cultivation and hydroponics),on the growth and nutritional qualities of lettuce.Integrated quality of the lettuce was evaluated based on subordinate function values analysis.The main conclusions were as follows:lettuce produced via hydroponics had the highest yield,while those from soil cultivation had the lowest production.Compared with the soil cultivation,substrate cultivation could achieve higher average weight per plant of lettuce by 81.51%.Lettuce produced from substrate cultivation showed best overall nutritional qualities,and lettuce from hydroponics had highest nitrate contents.While all of the indexes from soil cultivation are lower than from both other cultivations.

Research on soil microbial biomass and diversity by spraying ozonated water of different concentrations contrast with water and chlorothalonil.We used the microbial diversity of high-throughput sequencing platform MisSeq 2 bp×300 bp and analyzed the effects of ozonated water on soil microbial community.The results indicated that ozonated water did not change the composition of soil microbial community,and did not damage the important microbial community soil microbial which composed the soil bacteria compared with the controls.

One new record species (Keratella procurva Thorpe 1891),was collected from Shanghai,China.The species is characterized with deeply concave ventral surface,and six anterior spines,of which the middle pair are by far the longest,and two unequal posterior spines.According to the light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs,the morphological characteristics were described.

In order to explore the optimum condition of the growth and lipid accumulation of C. reinhardtii,our study investigated the lipid accumulation of C. reinhardtii across the gradients of nitrogen concentration and light intensity.The results showed that,the lipid accumulation of C.reinhardtii decreased along the gradients of nitrogen concentration and light intensity.Light intensity and nitrogen concentration had significant effects on lipid accumulation of C.reinhardtii.After controlling light intensity and nitrogen concentration,our study showed that the composition of 30 μE·m-2·s-1 in light intensity and 100 mg·mL-1 in nitrogen mass concentration were optimum condition of the growth and lipid accumulation.In this case,the lipid content and chlorophyll mass fraction of C.reinhardtii were 39.79% and 17.08 mg·mL-1,respectively.

In August 2015, diatom diversity of the Yading Nature Reserve of Sichuan was investigated. Diatom samples were observed using light microscope and scanning electron microscope. Totally, 81 species (including varieties) were identified, belonging to 3 classes and 19 families and 31 genera, of which 2 species were newly recorded from China:Cocconeis placentula var. klinorahis Geitler and Psammothidium daonense (Lange-Bertalot) Lange-Bertalot. For two newly reported species, morphological characters, habits and the distributions were described in detail.

Research on pathogenic bacteria growth of purple lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. ramosa) and its photosynthetic physiology by being sprayed ozone water on the surface of the purple lettuce with different concentration during the reproductive stage. However,little is known regarding its concentration effect. In this study,we found that ozone water in a low concentration such as 2 mg/L did not inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria that originate from purple lettuce and also not affect the photosynthetic physiology of purple lettuce;in a high concentration,for example,14 mg/L,can completely suppressed the growth of pathogenic bacteria but,significantly influenced the activity of photosynthetic physiology;and in a moderate amount (6 mg/L) not only completely impeded the growth of pathogenic bacteria,but also slightly increased the activity of photosynthetic physiology. Based on the above results,we propose that spraying the purple lettuce with a moderate concentration of ozone water is an efficient strategy for green disinfection.

Specific silicon-containing nutrientswith different concentrations were added to water in order to determine the optimal concentration of the nutrient for controlling cyanobacterial bloom.Then the nutrient with optimalconcentration was added in water samples under different temperatures and light intensity conditionsto explore the relationship between the effect of nutrient and environmental variation.The results showed that the nutrient couldplay a vital role incyanobacterial bloomcontrol,and the optimal concentration was 312.5 μL/L.By adding the nutrient,the proportion of blue algae abundance reduced while that of diatom and green algae showed an increasing trend.The effect wasvalidity under different temperatures and light intensities.This study provided a practice basis for cyanobacterial bloom control.

Dominant phytoplankton species are investigated in Wusongkou,Shanghai,by using microscopic observation and molecular biology technology to identify species. Altogether,32 species belonging to 6 phyla 31 genera,are observed in this water area,most of which are species in Chlorophyta,then the species in Bacillariophyta. Among the 32 species,17 are dominant in the water. And there are different dominant species in different seasons,Pseudanabaena mucicola and Cyclotella meneghiniana are dominant species in whole year. The potential species which may explosively grow in this area are identified,the current study provides the basic data for selecting the pure-cultivation species in the study on competition mechanism among different genera or species.

With the improvement of living standards,the consumers′ more demands on large amounts of vegetables with different varieties,high quality and safety standards promoted the rapid development of vegetable industry,especially for the vegetable cultivation industry.Protected cultivations of vegetable have had a great growth in recent years,which was changing the vegetable cultivation methods from a traditional soil planting to diversified cultivation patterns,including but not limited to the greenhouse,the substrate,the hydroponics,and the aeroponics cultivations.This article reviewed different vegetable cultivation patterns studied worldwide in details,and the effects of these patterns on nutrient and safety qualities of vegetables,thus would potentially provide effective references for developing and improving the local vegetable planting and cultivation system.

On the basis of analyzing general situation of green leafy vegetable production and main difficulty,we introduce the characteristics of modularized substrate culture for green leafy vegetable,and point out the important issues of modularized substrate culture which urgently need be solved in the coming future.

MADS-box transcription factors,as a large gene family,play an important role in plant growth and development,especially act as key regulators in controlling the identities of floral organs in flowering plants.They are also significant in the evolutionary revelation.In order to understand MADS-box genes,we need more information of MADS-box genes in non flowering plant.MADS-box genes of Ceratopteris thalictroides were selected to clone and analysis by using RACE method.Two MADS-box genes,designated CtMADS1 and CtMADS2 in C. thalictroides,were cloned.Analysis indicates that CtMADS1 is belonged to MIKC*-clade,while CtMADS2 is belonged to MIKCc-clade.Phylogeny suggests that these two MADS-box genes of C. thalictroides have a close relationship with flowering plants,the data indicates that at least two different MADS-box genes are homologous to floral homeotic genes existed in the last common ancestor of contemporary vascular plants.

Samples were collected from Great Xing′an Mountains during 2004 to 2007.Six taxa of Aulonoraphidinales were identified as the newly recorded species in China.They are:Hantzschia calcifuga Reichardt & Lange-Bertalot, Nitzschia homburgiensis Lange-Bertalot, Nitzschia nana Grunow, Nitzschia terrestris (Petersen) Hustedt, Stenopterobia anceps (Lewis) Brébisson, Stenopterobia delicatissima (Lewis) Brébisson ex Van Heurck.The morphological features and habitat distribute pattern of these taxa were reported in this paper.

We examined the morphology of Skeletonema species occurring in Yangtze River Esturary by the light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) .Two species,Skeletonema costatum(Greville) Cleve and Skeletonema marinoi Sarno et Zingone,were discriminated in the genus Skeletonema.Of S.costatum,cell diameters are 6.3-15.1 μm and pervalvar axes are 7.7-11 μm.In S.marinoi,cell diameters are 4.6-11.2 μm and pervalvar axes are 11.7-12.2 μm. S.costatum is widely distributed in all seasons,while S.marinoi is only occurred in spring.

One species,four variant and one forma of Chlorophyta Scenedesmus are first reported in China,they are Scenedesmus ecornis var.disciformis,S.acutus f.alternans,S.ginzbergeri,S.intermedius var. bicaudatus,S.opoliensis var. polycostatus and S.opoliensis var.bicaudatus.The taxonomic characters were described for each taxon by micro-photography and pictures.

The paper reports 234 taxa of algae (excluding diatomas and desmids) in Da′erbin Lake and its surrounding swamps in the Great Xing′an Mountains.They were identified belong to 6 phylums 79 generas 197 species 31 varieties and 6 forms.Among them Characium ornithocephalum var.pringsheimii (A.Br.) Kom.,Characium pluricoccum Kor.,Quadrigula korsikovii Kom.,Crucigeniella rectangularis (Ng.) Kom.are newly reported in China.

The monogonont rotifer Floscularia bifida Segers,1997 is recorded for the first time from the pond of Humble Administrator Garden,Suzhou City,Jiangsu province,China,in September 2010. Comments are presented on this insufficiently known taxon.

One new record species Brachionus kostei Shiel 1983,collected from Suzhou River,Jinweicheng River and a puddle in Shanghai.With six occipital and two slightly convoluted foot-opening spines distinguished from other Brachionus forms.According to the LM and SEM photographs,the lorica the trophi of this species were described.