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An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses various reports within the issue on topics including the communication of China with the Byzantine Empire, the use of Byzantine gold coin by the Turpan society, and the spiritual impetus of Christianization.

Copyright of Journal of Sino-Western Communications is the property of Institute of Sino-Western Communications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Sino-Western Communications is the property of Institute of Sino-Western Communications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Sino-Western Communications is the property of Institute of Sino-Western Communications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Sino-Western Communications is the property of Institute of Sino-Western Communications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Most Chinese readers are familiar with Natsume Soseki's famous works such as I Am a Cat and Ten Nights of Dreams. I Am a Cat has many introductions and translations in China, many have published research papers on them. On the contrary, introductions and translations of his work Spring Miscellany are rare in China. This paper mainly introduces different translation versions of Spring Miscellany and compares the similarities between Spring Miscellany with ZHOU Zuoren's Collections of Long Day. The comparison helps readers to better understand Natsume Soseki and his works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Sino-Western Communications is the property of Institute of Sino-Western Communications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Sino-Western Communications is the property of Institute of Sino-Western Communications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Sino-Western Communications is the property of Institute of Sino-Western Communications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Sino-Western Communications is the property of Institute of Sino-Western Communications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Sino-Western Communications is the property of Institute of Sino-Western Communications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Sino-Western Communications is the property of Institute of Sino-Western Communications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Sino-Western Communications is the property of Institute of Sino-Western Communications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Khitan people in Liao Dynasty created two kinds of scripts: the large and the small. Today, the study of the small script is more advanced than the study of the large. More inherent words of Khitan have been found in the small script. This paper is trying to identify three words in the large script, south, the Han-Chinese and limya, by comparing the large script and the small script. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

He Hong was one of late Qing Dynasty well-known Dto-mba, native Naxi priests, in Baisha ..., Lijiang ..., but none of Dto-mba manuscripts written by He Hong spread among the people. American Harvard-Yenching Library has uploaded its Dto-mba manuscripts of Naxi on its official website. Most of the Dto-mba manuscripts collection are characterised by the following features: relatively older version, good appearance, fluent and elegant writing, and the portraits are true to life. Therefore, Harvard Dto-mba manuscripts collections are definitely rare collections. Some of these manuscripts were written by He Hong. This paper focuses on several aspects of the title pages, writing style, postscripts of He Hong's manuscripts in order to better understand the characteristic of the Dto-mba manuscripts of Baisha. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In early 20th Century, the Russo-Japanese War generated much research findings in the field of history, military science and politics studies. The study on literature of Russo-Japanese War is still relatively weak.This paper reviews the research status quo of this field of study, gives brief comments on the general information of Literature of Russo-Japanese War in the literary worlds of three countries, China, Japan and Russia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Cold War, which was waged in varying ways on the political, economic, diplomatic, military, and propaganda fronts between the two hostile camps led respectively by the U.S. and the Soviet Union, involved literary works' translation or adaptation to be used as a propaganda tool. This paper studies, after briefly reviewing the relevant translations and adaptations of the American novel Uncle Tom's Cabin in China, the ways plot and character are restructured, rewritten, and revised on the basis of the above sources, its Chinese version and so on in Ouyang Yuqian's 1959 and 1962 dramas entitled Hei Nu Hen, and finds that the 1962 drama, a revised version of the 1959 one, succeeds in representing, in an idealized way, the story and forms of the original novel while serving the purpose of propaganda. Thanks to the availability of this channel of propaganda and mode of representation, literature continued to travel across national boundaries during the Cold War. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese calligraphy as an art of lines that pay attention not to the outside shapes of subjects but to recording subjects, has itself a lot in common with abstract painting. This study focuses on some semi-abstract features in Chinese calligraphy from Chinese traditional point of view. The second part presents some of contemporary Chinese abstract ink painters, whose works have been influenced by calligraphy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Sino-Western Communications is the property of Institute of Sino-Western Communications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An abstract of the article "Women's property within the structure of marriage in the Neo-Babylonian Period," by Mei Hualong is presented.

This article is based on Bourdieu's theory of Literary Sociology, created by Pierre Bourdieu, that had contributed much to analyzing the Chinese Literary Life in 1920s, and Hockx's Importing and Development in the research of Chinese Literary Field, with the example of the new poet Wang Jingzhi ... (1902-1996). Hockx successfully proved his point, the phenomenon of collectivity and the relationship between teacher and students that were neglected by Bourdieu, but played a very important role in the Chinese Literary Life. This essay considers in particular Bourdieu's theory on the literary field and the Field of Power {cultural (field), the political (field) and the economic (field)}. The following discussion uses the individual development of Feng Zhi as a case study in the Chinese literary field of the 1920s, so that we could understand the situation of Chinese literary field in details. It is difficult to define the inter-dependent relationship of Chinese literary affairs of the 1920s because of the decentralization and weak political control on the Chinese society at that time. This essay attaches importance to the connection between the literary and educational field, which has its special meaning for the development of the literary field, especially for Feng Zhi, whose career in the literary field as a young student and later teacher in the social context. Feng could not be separated from the educational field in the 1920s. Feng Zhi's literary career in the 1920s was connected with different Elements of Literary Field, such as teacher-student relationship, collectivity , journal and publisher. In comparison with Xu Zhimo, there is also another element: habitus, which as a special factor and a indirect capital, has its unique power over the Literary Field and those poets themselves. This researcher tries to provide a more essential picture and come to the general conclusion that Hockx drew in his Playing the field, that modern Chinese literary practice in the 1920s is characterized by collectivity, the behavior of writers, editors and publisher, is partly conditioned by the body of which they are members, and the names given to those bodies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Sino-Western Communications is the property of Institute of Sino-Western Communications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Sino-Western Communications is the property of Institute of Sino-Western Communications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A brief biography of Marina Čarnogurská, a Slovak philosopher and Sinologue, is presented. Topics discussed include her birth in 1940, her graduation at the Departments of Sinologue and Philosphy of Charles University in Prague, Czechoslovak in 1969, her research interests on classical Chinese philosophy and literature, and her works like translations of an anthology of thoughts of Confucian philosophers, and participation in various conventions.

An abstract of the article "Byzantine medical conditions in the 12th century recorded by Niketas Choniatēs," by Zou Wei is presented.

An abstract of the article "Comparing the Christianization of Rus and Bulgaria," by Sun Guangjie is presented.

An abstract of the article "The detachment of the papal Rome under the reign of Leo III (717-741 AD): the conflicts of two ecumenical ideas," by Pang Guoqing is presented.

An abstract of the article "Military aristocrats' successful and frequent usurpations in the early ages of Macedonia Dynasty," by Wang Yan is presented.

An abstract of the article "The "portraits" of Byzantine emperors in the Chronographia of Michael Psellos (1025-1057)," by Zhao Faxin is presented.

An abstract of the article regarding the Roman lamp which was found in China as a tribute to Daqin based in an ode written in Taikang period of Western Jin Dynasty is presented.

An abstract of the article "The Byzantines in Chinese writers' eyes," by Chen Zhiqiang is presented.

In the last decade, the kosher food, which used to be exclusively relevant to the Jews who observe religious dietary laws, has experienced tremendous growth in China. With the expansion of the international trade, it could also be expected that kosher certification will experience a high-speed development in China in the future. At the same time, kosher Certification might possibly become the leading third-party certification system in China to restore the consumers' trust on China's food industry, whose reputation had been heavily damaged by the food safety crises in recent years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]